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In 1993 the World Bank, in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Harvard School of Public Health, sponsored a study to assess the global burden of disease in 1990 (Murray, Lopez, and Jamison 1994; World Bank 1993). As well as generating the first comprehensive and consistent set of estimates of mortality and morbidity by age, sex, and region for the world, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study also introduced a new metric, the disability-adjusted life year (DALY), to quantify the burden of disease (Murray and Lopez 1996c, 1996d). The DALY is a summary measure of population health that combines years of life lost from premature death and years of life lived in less than full health and is described in more detail later. Thus, burden of disease analysis provides a unique perspective on health that integrates fatal and nonfatal outcomes, yet allows the two classes of outcomes to be examined separately as well. The original (1990) GBD study analyzed and synthesized a large volume of data on population health to produce comprehensive and comparable information on the causes of loss of health globally and regionally, including lowand middle-income countries with considerable limitations in data availability and comparability. In addition, the GBD study made estimates even for diseases and conditions for which data were limited and involved considerable uncertainty to ensure that causes of the disease burden for which information was sparse were not implicitly considered to impose no burden and hence be ignored by health policy makers (Murray, Mathers, and Salomon 2003). Under the leadership of Chris Murray, WHO’s executive director of the Evidence and Information for Policy Cluster from 1998 to 2003, WHO undertook a new assessment of the global burden of disease for 2000 to 2002, with consecutive revisions and updates published annually in WHO’s world health reports. Version 1 estimates for 2000 were published in the World Health Report 2001 (WHO 2001d), and Version 3 estimates for 2002, with consistent back revision of the 2000 estimates, were published in the World Health Report 2003 (WHO 2003b). The editors of the second edition of Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (DCP2) (Jamison and others 2006) decided to use the Version 3 GBD estimates for Chapter 3 The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001

The Burden of Disease and Mortality by Condition: Data, Methods, and Results for 2001 -- Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors