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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the rectum and colon, involving periods of exacerbation and remission. A considerable number of patients requires surgery during the course of this disease. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the profile and therapeutic approach of patients with UC. METHODS: This is a retrospective study that analyzed medical records of patients diagnosed with UC between 1999 and 2010. We selected 45 patients and analyzed the following variables: age, gender, ethnic group, interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis, extraintestinal manifestations, extent of colonic involvement, disease complications, pharmacological treatment, indication for surgery, time between diagnosis and indication, surgical procedures, early and late complications and pathological results of surgical specimens. Data were analyzed descriptively and compared with other studies. RESULTS: The clinical profile of the patients was consistent with the literature. Nine patients underwent surgical treatment: seven were submitted to proctocolectomy with anastomosis in the ileo-anal pouch and two were submitted to total colectomy; in addition, eight were submitted to ileostomy. Postoperative complications occurred in 55.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirms data from the literature regarding the profile and therapeutic approach of patients with ulcerative colitis.INTRODUÇÃO: A retocolite ulcerativa (RCU) é uma doença inflamatória crônica que acomete reto e cólon, cursando com períodos de exacerbação e remissão. Uma parcela considerável de pacientes necessita de procedimento cirúrgico ao longo do curso dessa enfermidade. OBJETIVO: Este estudo objetiva analisar perfil e abordagem terapêutica de portadores de RCU. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo realizado por meio da análise de prontuários de pacientes acompanhados com diagnóstico de RCU no período de 1999 a 2010. Foram selecionados 45 pessoas, sendo analisadas as variáveis: idade, sexo, raça, intervalo entre início dos sintomas e diagnóstico, sintomatologia, manifestações extraintestinais, extensão do acometimento colônico, complicações da doença, tratamento medicamentoso, indicação de cirurgia, tempo entre esta e o diagnóstico, procedimentos cirúrgicos, complicações precoces e tardias e resultado anatomopatológico das peças cirúrgicas. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e comparados com outros estudos. RESULTADOS: O perfil clínico dos pacientes foi condizente com a literatura. Nove foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, sendo realizadas sete proctocolectomias com anastomose em bolsa íleo-anal e duas colectomias totais, além de oito ileostomias. As complicações pós-operatórias ocorreram em 55,5% dos pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo corrobora com os dados da literatura referentes ao perfil e abordagem terapêutica dos pacientes com diagnóstico de RCU.Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Master in SurgeryUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Doctor in HealthUniversidade Federal da Paraíba Graduated in MedicineUFRN Academician in MedicineUNIFESP, Doctor in HealthSciEL

The surgical treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis from an university hospital at Natal, Brazil