English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) was used to determine genomic diversity among African isolates of coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasmas causing Cape St. Paul wilt disease (CSPD, Ghana), lethal disease (LD, Tanzania), and lethal yellowing (LYM, Mozambique). They were also compared to the Caribbean phytoplasma associated with coconut lethal yellowing (LY). A DNA fragment of 1850 bp covering the 16S rRNA gene and 16/23S intergenic spacer region of each isolate was amplified with primers P1 and P7 and subsequently submitted to HMA analysis for sequence variation. A PCR product amplified from GH5D (CSPD isolate) as a reference was combined with each PCR product and electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels. Three groups of phytoplasmas associated with various coconut lethal yellowing diseases were identified by HMA. The samples from Mozambique (LYM) and Ghana (CSPD) formed one group, which was different from the second group, LD from Tanzania. These two groups were different from the third group of Caribbean isolates. This grouping was consistent with the genetic diversity described in the coconut yellowing-associated phytoplasmas detected after cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. The HMA technique described here has the potential to provide a simple and rapid means to identify and to establish the diversity of isolates within the coconut lethal yellowing disease group. A mobilidade eletroforética dos ADNs heteroduplexes foi usada para determinar a diversidade genômica entre isolados africanos dos fitoplasmas do amarelecimento letal dos coqueiros que causam as doenças denominadas, Cape St. Paul wilt disease (CSPD, Gana), lethal disease (LD, Tanzânia) e o lethal yellowing (LYM, Moçambique). Eles foram também comparados com o fitoplasma do Caribe que causa o Coconut lethal yellowing (LY). Fragmentos de ADN de 1850 pb, cobrindo a região do 16S rRNA e a região intergênica 16S-23S rRNA, de cada isolado, foram amplificados com os primers universais P1/P7 e submetidos a análise por HMA. Um produto de PCR amplificado a partir de ADN obtido do isolado GH5D, CSPD-Ghana, foi usado como referência e combinado com cada um dos produtos PCR dos outros isolados e submetidos à eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Três grupos de fitoplasmas associados a várias doenças de amarelecimento letal de coqueiros foram identificados por HMAAs amostras de Moçambique (LYM) e Ghana (CSPD) formam um grupo que difere do segundo grupo, LD da Tanzânia. Esses dois grupos são diferentes do terceiro grupo formado pelos isolados do Caribe. Esses resultados foram consistentes com aqueles que demonstraram a diversidade genética para o complexo do LY através de clonagem, seqüenciamento e análises filogenéticas. A técnica de HMA demonstrou ser um método simples e rápido para identificar e estabelecer a diversidade de isolados dentro do grupo das doenças do amarelecimento letal dos coqueiros

Genetic variability among isolates of Coconut lethal yellowing phytoplasmas determined by Heteroduplex Mobility Assay (HMA)