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Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of posterior vertebral column resection in the treatment of kyphosis due to vertebral tuberculosis in children under 9 years of age with neurological deficit. Methods: Retrospective study of a series of 5 cases, 4 females and 1 male, mean age of 4.7 years at the time of surgery, with spinal tuberculosis and mean kyphosis of 89 degrees. Results: All patients underwent surgical treatment with PVCR in multiple levels, with a mean number of 3.6 resected vertebrae, mean surgical time of 359 minutes, mean postoperative stay of 21.2 days. The mean follow-up was 29 months. The mean kyphosis correction was 62.6%. Before surgery, all patients had signs of spinal cord injury, one of which did not present a deficit of strength or sensibility (ASIA E), but there were pyramidal signs and a history of falls. The other 4 had some degree of sensory-motor dysfunction, with ASIA score varying from A to D. Postoperative complications included two dehiscences of suture, one pneumothorax and one pneumonia, all with favorable evolution. Four patients progressed with neurological improvement and one of them had persistence of the neurological deficit until the last follow-up. Conclusions: Multiple-level PVCR has proven to be a safe and effective option for the treatment of kyphotic deformity in spinal tuberculosis in children with neurological deficit. Level of evidence IV; Case Series.

POSTERIOR VERTEBRAL COLUMN RESECTION IN MULTIPLE LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH VERTEBRAL TUBERCULOSIS