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OBJECTIVES: to evaluate risk factors involving environmental and occupational parental exposures associated with occurrence of orofacial clefts in a group of Brazilian children. METHODS: a secondary base case-control study was conducted with 274 cases of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) and cleft palate only, with 548 controls (1:2). The authors analyzed residential proximity to industrial areas, exposure to commercial insecticides, agricultural pesticides, and vector control spraying, as well as various occupational exposures. The results were obtained by conditional regression analysis. RESULTS: proximity to industrial installations as a risk factor (OR = 3,32; 95%CI: 2,18-5,05) for all orofacial clefts, as well as the combined use of household insecticides and urban vector control pesticide spraying (OR = 5,73; 95%CI: 2,51-11,28). A group of maternal occupations heavily associated with orofacial clefts was domestic services (OR = 2,89; 95%CI: 1,76-4,86). CONCLUSIONS: solvents are frequently associated with CL ± P and that they are contained in numerous industrial products and household cleaning products, the results pertaining to occupational exposure become plausible. Other associations such as the routine use of domestic insecticides require further specific research for confirmation of the hypothesis. OBJETIVOS: avaliar fatores de risco envolvendo exposições ambientais e ocupacionais dos pais associadas com a ocorrência de fendas orofaciais em um grupo de crianças brasileiras. MÉTODOS: estudo caso-controle de base secundária reuniu 274 casos de portadores de fendas lábio-palatinas (FL±P)e fendas palatinas isoladas e 548 controles (1:2). Foram analisadas as variáveis proximidade residencial a área industriais, exposição a inseticidas comerciais, pesticidas agrícolas, e usados no controle de vetores, bem como várias exposições ocupacionais. Os resultados foram obtidos através de análise de regressão condicional. RESULTADOS: a proximidade a instalações industriais como potencial fator de risco (OR = 3,32; IC95%: 2,18-5,05) para fendas orofaciais, bem como a combinação do uso doméstico de inseticidas e o controle urbano de vetores (OR = 5,73; IC95%: 2,51-11,28). A ocupação profissional materna mais fortemente associada ao desfecho foram os serviços domésticos (OR = 2,89; IC95%: 1,76-4,86). CONCLUSÕES: ADMItindo os relatos da literatura de que solventes estão freqüentemente associados a FL ± P e que estes estão presentes em inúmeros produtos industriais e de uso doméstico, os resultados obtidos são plausíveis. Outras associações, como o uso rotineiro de inseticidas domésticos requerem estudos futuros para confirmação da hipótese

Orofacial clefts in the newborn and environmental and occupational parental exposures: a case-control study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil