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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates from soil samples of rice-fields in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) were tested through PCR, aiming at the screening of six groups of Bt cry genes, which codify active proteins for coleopterans and lepidopterans rice pests, and their bioinsecticide potential regarding their use in IPM system, as well. Forty six Bt isolates were grown in Agar Nutrient for 12 h and submitted to total DNA extraction. The amplified fragments were analyzed in agarose gel (1-1.5%). The screening isolates showed that 56.51% were potentially lepidopterans specific (cry1, cry2 and cry9) and 21.73% were coleopteran specific (cry3 and cry7/8), with a homogeneous distribution in the rice-field areas in Rio Grande do Sul. Cry2 genes were found just once and in the Litoral area. Bioassays against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae showed the highest corrected mortality (25%) with Bt 2027-1 isolate selected by the presence of cry9 genes. The toxicity bioassays carried out with S. frugiperda using purified proteins of Bt aizawai HD68 indicated a LD50 of 0.95 µg/larvae. Two Bt isolates carrying the cry3 genes (PCR detection) caused a 100% mortality to Oryzophagus oryzae larvae. Bioassay results confirmed the prediction of Bt activity by PCR, which must have a straight relationship with the cry genes that codify those specific insecticidal proteins. Visando a seleção de seis grupos de genes cry de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), que codificam proteínas ativas para coleópteros e lepidópteros pragas do arroz, 46 isolados de Bt provenientes de amostras de solos das regiões orizícolas do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), foram testados por PCR. Os isolados de Bt foram crescidos em Ágar Nutriente durante 12 h e submetidos a extração de DNA total. Os fragmentos amplificados foram analisados em géis de agarose (1-1,5%). Os resultados referentes ao total de isolados selecionados mostraram que 56,51% foram potencialmente específicos a lepidópteros (cry1, cry2 e cry9) e 21,73% a coleópteros (cry3 e cry7/8), tendo sua distribuição homogênea entre as regiões orizícolas do RS. Apenas os genes cry2 foram localizados somente na região Litoral. Nos bioensaios com lagartas de Spodoptera frugiperda o isolado Bt 2027-1 obteve a maior mortalidade corrigida (25%), o qual havia sido pré-selecionado pela presença de genes cry9. Para a mesma espécie, os testes de toxicidade através de proteínas purificadas de Bt aizawai HD68 revelaram uma DL50 de 0,95 mg/larva. Dois isolados de Bt causaram 100% de mortalidade às larvas de Oryzophagus oryzae, tendo esses sido pré-selecionados pela presença de genes cry3. Os resultados dos bioensaios confirmam a predição da atividade de Bt por PCR, a qual deve estar diretamente relacionada aos genes cry que codificam as proteínas inseticidas específicas

PCR and bioassays screening of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from rice-fields of Rio Grande do Sul, specific to lepidopterans and coleopterans