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In the present study, the effect of dietary fish oil, a highly unsaturated fat source, on the intestinal mucosa before and after proximal small bowel resection in rats was studied. Forty Wistar rats were fed defined diets containing fish oil (experimental group) or corn oil (control group). After 2 weeks, animals underwent a 50% proximal small bowel resection. Mucosal disaccharidases, alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase, protein, DNA, and TBARs levels were assessed in samples immediately before and 6 and 12 days after surgery. Disaccharidase activities were reduced in the ileal mucosa from rats in the fish oil-fed group compared to the control group before and 12 days after surgery. The other parameters showed no significant differences. The results indicate that fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids) alters the functional parameters of the normal intestinal mucosa and after intestinal resection compared to omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, suggesting that caution should be taken to use omega-3 fatty acids as adjuvants in the adaptive process after resection. No presente estudo, foi avaliado o efeito da dieta com óleo de peixe, uma fonte de ácidos graxos altamente insaturados, sobre a mucosa intestinal antes e após resecção do intestino delgado proximal em ratos. Quarenta ratos Wistar foram alimentados com dieta definida contendo óleo de peixe (grupo experimental) ou óleo de milho (grupo controle). Após duas semanas, os animais foram submetidos à ressecção de 50% do intestino delgado proximal. Os níveis das dissacaridases, fosfatase alcalina, animopeptidade, proteína, DNA e TBARS foram avaliados, imediatamente antes e 6 e 12 dias após a cirurgia. As atividades das dissacaridases foram reduzidas na mucosa ileal no grupo de ratos alimentados com óleo de peixe, comparado com grupo controle antes e 12 dias após a cirurgia. Os outros parâmetros não mostraram diferenças significativas. Este resultado indica que o óleo de peixe (ácidos graxos ômega-3) altera parâmetros funcionais na mucosa intestinal normal e após resecção, comparado ao ácido graxo ômega-6, sugerindo cautela no uso de ácidos graxos ômega-3 como adjuvante no processo adaptativo após resecção

Omega-3 fatty acids induce biochemical changes in the small bowel of rats before and after resection