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The influence of Meloidogyne incognita and M. paranaensis on the development of mate (Ilex paraguariensis ST. Hill) plantlets was assessed in greenhouse and laboratory. The experimental design was randomized. Every plot of each one of the 10 repetitions contained one mate plantlet , inoculated with 5,000 eggs of M. incognita (races 1, 2, 3 and 4) and M. paranaensis. After 120 days it was observed that mate was a reliable hostess to such nematodes and that they could finish their life cycle. Plant development was significantly modified by M. incognita, races 1 and 2. Dry and green matter weight of shoots changed according to treatment. No changes were observed in fresh root weight. The number of eggs per root was similar for M. incognita, races 1 and 2, and higher for the other treatments. The reproduction factor was above 1 for all treatments, indicating mate plants susceptibility to them. A influência de Meloidogyne incognita e M paranaensis no desenvolvimento de mudas de erva-mate, foi avaliada em casa-de-vegetação e laboratório. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 10 repetições, sendo cada parcela formada de 1 plântula de erva-mate/vaso, inoculada com 5000 ovos de M. incognita raças 1, 2, 3, 4 e M. paranaensis. Aos 120 dias, observou-se que a erva-mate, além de boa hospedeira destes nematóides, permitiu-lhes completar seu ciclo vital. O desenvolvimento das plantas foi significativamente afetado pelas raças 1 e 2 de M. incognita.; os pesos de matéria seca e fresca da parte aérea sofreram alterações conforme o tratamento. Não houve alteração no peso fresco de raízes e o número de ovos por raízes foi semelhante para as raças 1 e 2 de M. incognita, sendo, porém, mais elevado nos demais tratamentos. O fator de reprodução foi superior a 1 em todos os tratamentos, indicando a susceptibilidade da erva-mate a estes agentes

Behavior of Ilex paraguariensis St. Hilaire, 1822 to Meloidogyne incognita and M. paranaensis and their influence on development of plantlets