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Avaliaram-se os efeitos de quatro níveis de concentrado - NC (0, 1, 3 e 5 kg/vaca/dia) e dois de proteína bruta - PB (11 e 13% na matéria seca total) sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade e o desempenho de vacas leiteiras. Utilizaram-se oito vacas mestiças Holandês-Zebu com 520 ± 40 kg, distribuídas em um quadrado latino 8 &#215; 8 em oito períodos de 10 dias para avaliação dos efeitos de tratamento, animal e período. O experimento foi conduzido em pastagem de capim-elefante (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) na estação chuvosa e os concentrados foram constituídos de fubá de milho, farelo de soja, ureia e mistura mineral. O consumo de matéria seca (MS) não diferiu entre os tratamentos e o consumo do pasto tendeu a diminuir com o aumento de NC. Os consumos de PB e carboidratos não-fibrosos (CNF) aumentaram de acordo com os NC e PB na dieta, enquanto os consumos de nutrientes digestíveis totais, CNF, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e extrato etéreo aumentaram somente com aumento de NC. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade (CD) da MS e CNF aumentaram e diminuíram, respectivamente, com o aumento do NC, enquanto o CD da PB aumentou com os NC e PB e o CD da FDN aumentou com o nível de PB na dieta. A produção de leite aumentou somente com os NC. Os constituintes do leite não foram influenciados pelos NC, mas houve aumento do teor de lactose e extrato seco do leite com o aumento da PB na dieta. Vacas em pastagem no período das águas e produzindo 12 kg de leite/dia podem receber dietas contendo 11% de PB e a resposta à suplementação é baixa, variando de 0,63 a 0,22 kg de leite/kg de concentrado, em comparação aos 2,2 kg/kg sugerido pelo NRC 2001 de gado de leite. The effects of four levels of concentrate - LC (0, 1, 3 and 5 kg/cow/day) and two of crude protein - CP (11 and 13% crude protein in total dry matter) on the intake, digestibility and performance of milking cows were evaluated. Eight crossbred Holstein-Zebu cows with 520 ± 40 kg were distributed in an 8 &#215; 8 Latin square in eight 10-day periods for evaluation of effects of treatment, animal and period. The experiment was conducted on elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum) pasture in the rainy season and the concentrates consisted of corn meal, soybean meal, urea and mineral salt. The dry matter (DM) intake was not different among treatments, and the pasture intake tended to decrease with increase in LC. The intakes of CP and non fiber carbohydrates (NFC) increased as a function of increase in LC and CP in the diet, while the intakes of total digestible nutrients, NFC, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ether extract increased only with increases in LC. The digestibility coefficients (DC) of DM and NFC increased and decreased, respectively, with increase in LC; the DC of CP increased with LC and CP; and the DC of NDF increased with increase in CP in the diet. The milk production increased only with increased LC. The milk components were not affected by LC, but there was increase in the lactose and dry extract contents in the milk with increase in dietary CP. Cows on pasture during the wet season and producing 12 kg of milk/day can receive diets containing 11% CP and the response to concentrate supplementation is low, varying from 0.63 to 0.22 kg milk/kg of concentrate, compared with 2.2 kg/kg suggested by the NRC 2001 for dairy cattle

revista brasileira de zootecnia

Consumo, digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes e desempenho de vacas leiteiras em pastejo com dietas com diversos níveis de concentrado e proteína bruta