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This cross-sectional study describes the variation in the dietary intake of energy and macronutrients based on estimated coefficients of within- and between-person variation and intends to calculate the number of days required to evaluate the dietary intake of adolescents in Piracicaba, Brazil. The sample was made up by ninety-two adolescents aged between eleven and sixteen years. Interviews were performed to assess demographic, anthropometric and dietary variables, which were evaluated by the answers obtained through two 24-hour recalls. Descriptive analyses were performed and variances and Coefficients of variation within- and between-person were obtained by results of one-way ANOVA. The mean energy intake observed was 2,326.2 kilocalories; mean macronutrient intake came to 89.0 grams of fatty acids, 305.3 grams of carbohydrates and 82.2 grams of proteins. Coefficients of within-person variation ranged from 36% to 45%, while between-person coefficients varied from 26% to 31%. Variance ratios ranged from 1.35 (carbohydrate) to 2.62 (protein). The lowest number of observations required to correctly evaluate the usual diet calculated (r = 0.90) was six days, for carbohydrates while the highest was eleven, for proteins. Coefficients of variation were similar to those observed in international studies. We conclude that, in this study, two observations were sufficient to obtain reasonable correlations. However, six evaluations are necessary for these adolescents in order to obtain excellent correlations. Este estudo transversal descreve a variabilidade do consumo alimentar de energia e macronutrientes a partir da estimativa dos coeficientes de variação intra e interpessoal e calcula o número de dias necessários para se avaliar a ingestão dietética de adolescentes de Piracicaba, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída por 92 adolescentes com idade entre 11 e 16 anos. Por meio de entrevistas, foram avaliadas variáveis demográficas, antropométricas e de ingestão dietética, levantada por meio de dois Recordatórios de 24h. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, sendo que as variâncias e os coeficientes de variação intra e interpessoal foram obtidos a partir dos resultados da ANOVA com um fator de classificação. O consumo médio de energia observado foi de 2.326,2 Kcal, e em relação aos macronutrientes foram observados valores de 89,0g de lipídios, 305,3g de carboidratos e 82,2g de proteínas. Os coeficientes de variação intrapessoal variaram de 36% a 45% enquanto os coeficientes de variação interpessoal variaram de 26% a 31%. A razão entre as variâncias variou de 1,35 (carboidrato) a 2,62 (proteína). O menor número de observações necessárias para avaliar corretamente (r = 0,90) a dieta habitual foi de 6 dias para carboidratos. O maior número foi para proteínas (11 dias). Os coeficientes de variação foram semelhantes aos observados em estudos internacionais. Conclui-se que, para o presente estudo, duas observações foram suficientes para a obtenção de coeficientes de correlação razoáveis. No entanto, para se obter ótimos coeficientes de correlação, são necessárias no mínimo seis avaliações destes adolescentes

Within- and between-person variations as determinant factors to calculate the number of observations to estimate usual dietary intake of adolescents