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OBJETIVO: Descrever o consumo de alimentos de risco e proteção para doenças cardiovasculares segundo escolaridade e renda familiar entre funcionários públicos. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se inquérito epidemiológico entre funcionários de sedes de secretarias estaduais do município de São Paulo, ambos os sexos, acima de 18 anos por meio de amostra aleatória (n=1 271) representativa do total de 4 665. Foram obtidas informações socioeconômicas, de estilo de vida e consumo alimentar, bem como morbidades referidas. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado por meio do questionário de freqüência alimentar. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se a presença dos fatores de risco: sedentarismo (88%), sobrepeso/obesidade (36%), tabagismo (27%) e doenças do aparelho circulatório (30%). A média do consumo de alimentos de risco - ricos em gorduras saturadas, sódio e açúcares - foi estatisticamente maior entre os indivíduos de escolaridade fundamental e de renda familiar até três salários mínimos. Quanto aos alimentos protetores - fontes de fibra dietética, vitaminas, minerais, ácidos graxos insaturados e monoinsaturados, e fitoquímicos - a média de consumo foi estatisticamente maior entre os funcionários de escolaridade superior e renda superior a seis salários mínimos. CONCLUSÃO: Entre os indivíduos com nível de escolaridade fundamental e menor renda familiar há predominância de consumo de alimentos de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, além de outros fatores de risco associados. Os programas de intervenção devem priorizar tal segmento da população. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to describe the consumption of protective and promotive foods in cardiovascular diseases among public employees according to level of education and family income. METHODS: An epidemiologic investigation was carried out with public employees of state offices in São Paulo city, both sexes and aged up 18th on utilizing random sampling weighted (n=1 271) select from a total of 4 665 persons. Information about socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle and the food consumption, as well as referred to morbidity was obtained. Food frequency questionnaire was used to collect information about food habits. RESULTS: Risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle (88%), overweight/obesity (36%), smoking status (27%) and cardiovascular diseases (30%) were verified. The mean consumption of foods that promote cardiovascular diseases, that is, saturated fatty acids, sodium and sugars, was statistically higher among individuals with a low level of education (elementary school) and a family income of up to 3 minimum wages. The mean consumption of protective foods, such as dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and phytochemicals was statistically higher among those with higher education (college degree) and a family income of more than 6 minimum wages. CONCLUSION: Individuals with a low level of education (elementary school) and a family income of up to 3 minimum wages consume more foods that promote cardiovascular diseases. They also presented other associated risk factors more frequently. Intervention programs must prioritize this segment of the population

Consumo de alimentos de risco e proteção para doenças cardiovasculares entre funcionários públicos