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O conhecimento dos efeitos no equilíbrio iônico da solução do solo de resíduos ricos em nitrogênio aplicados em conjunto com adubos complementares, é imprescindível na avaliação do nitrato, que pode alcançar as águas subterrâneas. Objetivou-se, através deste trabalho, verificar a lixiviação do nitrato e alguns cátions associados, de um material do solo que recebeu lodo de esgoto alcalinizado e doses crescentes de K2O. O estudo foi realizado na casa de vegetação da UFPR, no Setor de Ciências Agrárias, em Curitiba, em 2002. Utilizaram-se quinze colunas de PVC de 60 cm de altura e 7,5 cm de diâmetro, preenchidas com material de um solo já acrescido de lodo de esgoto alcalinizado e cultivado com milho em 2001. Determinaram-se o pH e as concentrações de NO3-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+ nas soluções lixiviadas e se verificou, para as quatro lixiviações realizadas, aumento do pH e das concentrações do K+ além de Al3+ na solução lixiviada com a elevação da dose de K2O aplicada, não ocorrendo aumento do nitrato lixiviado. Todas as soluções coletadas apresentaram valores de nitrato e alumínio superiores aos do nível máximo permitido, respectivamente de 10 e 0,1 mg L-1. Knowledge about the effects on the ionic balance in the soil solution is important, particularly with respect to residues rich in nitrogen applied with complementary fertilizers because nitrate can reach underground waters. The objective of this study was to verify leaching of nitrate and some associated cations in a soil that received sewage sludge and increasing doses of K2O. The study was carried out in a greenhouse of the Federal University of Paraná, in the Sector of Agrarian Sciences in the municipality of Curitiba, during 2002. Fifteen columns of PVC, (60 cm height, 15 cm diameter) were used, filled with soil previously treated with sewage sludge and cultivated with corn during 2001. The pH and the concentrations of NO3-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ e Al3+ in the leachate solutions were determined. In four leachings performed, an increase of pH and of the concentrations of K+ and a reduction of Al3+ in the leachate was verified with the increasing doses of K2O, white no increase in leached nitrate, was observed. All collected solutions presented nitrate and aluminum values superior to the maximum permitted levels, 10 and 0.1 mg L-1 respectively

Doses de potássio na lixiviação do solo com lodo de esgoto