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O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a concepção de autonomia (fábricas ocupadas) e de controle social (participação nas instâncias do Estado) dos/pelos trabalhadores, depois de décadas de experimentos sociais, a partir dos anos 1990. Observa-se que tais experiências ao invés de fortalecerem a luta pela emancipação do trabalho tem-no levado à crescente subordinação aos interesses do capital e à perda de vantagens parciais antes adquiridas. Tal quadro agrava-se com a crise estrutural e a produção destrutiva que caracterizam o sistema do capital, colocando em cheque os fundamentos das concepções de autonomia, de controle e de participação social democrática que as orientam. A autodeterminação dos trabalhadores e, portanto, a real autonomia e a participação social, de acordo com a discussão proposta pelo artigo, são irrealizáveis nos marcos do sistema dominante. The purpose of this article is to discuss the concept of autonomy (occupied factories) and social control (participation in the State apparatus) of and by workers, after decades of social experiments, since the 1990s. It notes that these experiences, instead of strengthening the struggle for the emancipation of work, have led to a growing subordination of workers to the interests of capital and to the loss of previously acquired partial advantages. This situation is aggravated with the destructive structural and production crisis that characterizes the capitalist system, questioning the foundations of the concepts of autonomy, control and democratic social participation that guide them. Self-determination of workers therefore involves true autonomy and social participation, and according to the discussion proposed by the article, these cannot be achieved under the dominant system

Capital, controle social e participação autônoma dos trabalhadores no capitalismo em crise