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In order to begin mass producing the nematode Romanomermis iyengari Welch, a bioprocessing plant was designed and set up on the grounds of Universidad Federal in the State of Roraima, Brazil, after reaching an agreement with the State's Health Department. The objective of this paper was to establish the basic process for mass breeding the parasite in order to apply it to anopheline breeding sites. Cultures were obtained at a rate of 68 during every seven-day cycle, making for a total of 272 cultures a month. Before treatments were applied in the field, laboratory tests were conducted that showed the great susceptibility of anopheline larvae to infestation by R. iyengari, with parasitism rates ranging from 71 to 98%. In order to assess the parasitizing capacity of R. iyengari in actual field conditions, 12 natural anopheline breeding sites were chosen, each ranging in size between 50 and 450 m2. The species Anopheles albitarsis Lynch-Arribálzaga and Anopheles rondoni Neiva-Pinto were detected there, at densities that ranged from 34 to 66 larvae/m2. The biolarvicide was sprayed in all 12 breeding sites with a domestically manufactured pump set at a pressure of two atmospheres and a dose of 2,000 preparasites/m2. Seven days after treatments were performed, anopheline populations were markedly reduced (85 to 97%). Results obtained point to the feasibility of using R. iyengari to control larval populations of both species of anophelines.

Producción masiva de Romanomermis iyengari (Nematoda: Mermithidae) y su aplicación en criaderos de anofelinos en Boa Vista (Roraima), Brasil