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Este artigo tem três objetivos. O primeiro deles apresenta um quadro geral do processo de formação e institucionalização do ensino da medicina e do exercício da profissão médica no Rio Grande do Sul, levando em conta os princípios e critérios de excelência profissional e social vigentes e da hierarquia e recrutamento de sua elite. O segundo busca apresentar as principais mudanças na composição social do corpo docente, desde sua formação. O terceiro discute alguns fundamentos da chamada 'crise da medicina'. The first of the article's three goals is to provide an overview of the process by which the teaching and practice of medicine has evolved and been institutionalized in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state. In doing so, it considers prevailing principles and criteria regarding professional and social excellence, along with the hierarchical structure and recruiting of its elite. The second goal is to point out the main changes that have occurred in the composition of the teaching staff since its formation. Lastly, the article discusses some of the bases of the so-called medical crisis

O recrutamento da elite, as mudanças na composição social e a 'crise da medicina' no Rio Grande do Sul