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Este artigo examina a relacao entre democracia, cultura politica e capital social no Brasil. O tema e abordado de maneira compreensiva, pois acredita-se que esses conceitos interagem permanentemente. No caso brasileiro e possivel, entretanto, identificar alguns fatores que historicamente tem incidido na configuracao de um tipo de cultura politica, de carater hibrido, que mistura posturas favoraveis a democracia e predisposicoes negativas em relacao as instituicoes politicas. Esse mal-estar, argumenta-se, nao e conjuntural nem temporario, mas de carater estrutural e danoso para o fortalecimento democratico. Em tal cenario o desenvolvimento do capital social, aumentaria, pratica e teoricamente, o poder dos cidadaos permitindo-lhes maior insercao e participacao na arena politica. Sao utilizados como fonte dados de pesquisas qualitativas e quantitativas coletados no Rio Grande do Sul no periodo de 1974 a 2000. Os resultados do estudo sugerem uma ausencia de capacidade cooperativa entre os brasileiros, o que poderia explicar os deficits de participacao politica e a consequente instabilidade democratica. Abstract This article examines the relationship between democracy, political culture and social capital in Brazil. The topic is approached comprehensively, based on the belief that the above concepts are in permanent interaction. In the Brazilian case, however, it is possible to identify several factors that have historically had a impact on the configuration of a type of political culture, hybrid in nature, that brings together attitudes that are favorable to democracy and negative toward political institutions. It is argued that this problem is neither temporary nor conjunctural; rather, it is structural and poses difficulties for strengthening democracy. Within such a scenario the development of social capital would increase citizens' power, in theory and practice, allowing them wider participation in the political arena. Data used here are based on quantitative and qualitative research carried out in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, between 1974 and 2000. Study results suggest that Brazilians are weak on ability to cooperate, which may explain low rates of political participation and consequent democratic instability. Resume Cet article examine le rapport entre democracie, culture politique et capital social au Bresil. Le theme est traite de facon comprehensive car sans doute ces concepts interagissent en permanence. Dans le cas bresilien, il est possible de reconnaitre quelques facteurs qui se produisent historiquement dans la configuration d'un type de culture politique, a caractere hybride, et qui reunit des positions favorables a la democracie et des tendances negatives a l'egard des institutions politiques. Ce malaise, affirme-t-on, n'est conjoncturel ni transitoire, mais plutot structurel et nuisible a l'affermissement democratique. Dans ce cadre, le developpement du capital social intensifierait, dans la pratique et theoriquement, le pouvoir des citoyens. Il leur permettrait de s'inserer davantage dans la vie politique et d'y participer. On utilise des donnees relevees lors des recherches qualitatives et quantitatives menees dans l'etat de Rio Grande do Sul, de 1974 a 2000. Les resultats de cette etude montrent qu'il manque aux Bresiliens la capacite cooperative, ce qui expliquerait les deficits de participation politique et par consequent l'instabilite democratique.

Construindo uma outra sociedade: o capital social na estruturação de uma cultura política participativa no Brasil