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The chemical composition of 10 selected plant essential oils obtained by steam distillation was determined by GC and GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was screened against 12 important food-related bacterial strains by agar disc-diffusion assay. MIC and MBC were determined for the essential oils that presented the highest activity in the agar disc-diffusion test. The most active essential oils against the tested bacteria were, in descending order, lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus), basil (Ocimum basilicum), oregano (Origanum vulgare), cinnamon leaf (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and laurel (Laurus nobilis). Except for S. Typhimurium, the tested bateria were inhibited at MIC values lower or equal to 0.62mg mL-1 by lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil. Yersinia enterocolitica presented the highest sensitivity to all essential oils tested (CMI&#8804;0.62mg mL-1). There was a significant correlation (P<0.05) between oxygenated monoterpenes levels in the essential oils and MIC and MBC values against Escherichia coli. Results showed that the evaluated essential oils present high potential as natural preservatives. A composição química de 10 óleos essenciais obtidos por destilação a vapor foi determinada por CG/DIC e CG/EM. A atividade antimicrobiana dos óleos essenciais foi detectada através do método de difusão em ágar frente a 12 espécies de bactérias de importância em alimentos. As CMI e CMB foram determinadas para os óleos essenciais que na difusão em ágar evidenciaram maior atividade. Os óleos essenciais que apresentaram maior atividade contra as bactérias testadas foram, em ordem decrescente, os de capim-limão (Cymbopogon flexuosus), manjericão (Ocimum basilicum), orégano (Origanum vulgare), folha de canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) e louro (Laurus nobilis). Com exceção de S. Typhimurium, o óleo essencial de capim limão (Cymbopogon flexuosus) apresentou valores de CMI e CMB iguais ou inferiores a 0,62mg mL-1 contra os micro-organismos testados. Yersinia enterocolitica foi o patógeno mais sensível frente a todos os óleos essenciais avaliados (CMI&#8804;0,62mg mL-1). Foi detectada correlação significativa (P<0,05) entre os níveis de monoterpenos oxigenados dos óleos essenciais e os valores de CMI e CMB contra Escherichia coli. Os resultados demonstram que os óleos essenciais avaliados apresentam grande potencial como agentes antimicrobianos naturais para alimentos

ciência rural

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from selected herbs cultivated in the South of Brazil against food spoilage and foodborne pathogens