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Electrochemical studies of polycrystalline copper electrodes in carbonate-bicarbonate solutions analyzing both temperature and pH effects were carried out, covering a wide range of electrolyte composition in the 5-65 °C range. Hydrodynamic conditions were also considered. The results are explained on the basis of a modification of the characteristics of the film through solution stirring and high temperature. In this situation, a less hydrated passive layer is obtained, reducing the dissolution process. The ionic strength becomes an additional factor that affects the general state of the system.

The effects of temperature and pH on the dissolution and passivation processes of copper in carbonate-bicarbonate solutions