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OBJETIVOS: Estabelecer parâmetros anatômicos para o nervo axilar pelas medidas das distâncias ao acrômio e à via de acesso deltopeitoral, e verificar se há diferenças nas medidas comparativas entre os lados direito e esquerdo. MÉTODO: Realizou-se o estudo anatômico do trajeto do nervo axilar pela dissecção de 30 ombros em 20 cadáveres adultos frescos. Em 10 cadáveres foi realizada dissecção bilateral para estudo comparativo. Utilizou-se paquímetro digital com precisão de 0,05cm, mediram-se as distâncias entre a extremidade lateral do acrômio e os ramos anterior e posterior do nervo axilar e a distância entre o espaço deltopeitoral e o ramo anterior do nervo axilar. RESULTADOS: A menor distância entre o acrômio e o nervo axilar foi de 5,47cm e a maior, de 7,06cm. A menor distância entre o sulco deltopeitoral e o nervo axilar foi de 3,94cm. Houve diferença com significância estatística pelo teste de Wilcoxon nas medidas comparativas entre os lados direito e esquerdo, para as distâncias entre o ramo posterior do nervo axilar e o ponto médio da borda lateral do acrômio (A-E) e entre o ramo anterior do nervo axilar e a extremidade anterior do acrômio (B-C), ambas maiores no lado direito. CONCLUSÕES: O nervo axilar está situado entre 5,47 e 7,06cm distal ao acrômio e 3,94cm lateral ao espaço deltopeitoral. Houve diferença com significância estatística no estudo comparativo entre os lados direito e esquerdo, ambas maiores no lado direito. OBJECTIVE: To establish anatomical parameters for the axillary nerve by measuring the distances to the acromion and the deltopectoral access, and to ascertain whether there are any differences in comparative measurements between the left and right sides. METHOD: An anatomical study on the path of the axillary nerve was conducted by dissecting 30 shoulders of 20 fresh adult cadavers. For comparative study, bilateral dissection was performed on 10 cadavers. Digital caliper gauges, accurate to the nearest 0.05 cm, were used to measure the distances between the lateral extremity of the acromion and the anterior and posterior branches of the axillary nerve, and between the deltopectoral space and the anterior branch of the axillary nerve. RESULTS: The shortest distance between the acromion and the axillary nerve was 5.47 cm, and the greatest distance was 7.06 cm. The shortest distance between the deltopectoral groove and the axillary nerve was 3.94 cm. A statistically significant difference was found using Wilcoxon's test in comparative measurements between the left and right sides for the distances between the posterior branch of the axillary nerve and the midpoint of the lateral border of the acromion (A-E), and between the anterior branch of the axillary nerve and the anterior extremity of the acromion (B-C), both of which were larger on the right side. CONCLUSIONS: The axillary nerve was situated between 5.47 and 7.06 cm distally to the acromion, and 3.94 cm laterally to the deltopectoral space. There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison between the left and right sides, and both measurements were larger on the right side

Estudo anatômico comparativo entre os lados direito e esquerdo do nervo axilar em relação à via deltopeitoral e ao acrômio