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A case-control study was carried out for determining epidemiological patterns at the beginning of the Mexican campaign against bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in the State of Tamaulipas, Mexico, bordering the United States of America. From January 1995 to March 1998, 599 direct tissue smears of cattle from routine slaughterhouse inspection were analyzed for the presence of Mycobacterium bovis acid-fastness with Ziehl-Neelsen stain. BTB status was associated with year of diagnosis, age, breed, geographical origin of cattle, and type of slaughterhouse using the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence level). The prevalence at slaughterhouse surveillance was 15.36%, which was considerably higher in 1995 (41.38%, OR=5.78, P<0.0001), in comparison with 8.09%, 14.42%, and 10.14% for the years 1996, 1997, and 1998, respectively. BTB was associated with cattle from the State of Tamaulipas (19.73%, OR= 4.438, P=0.01), adult cattle (19.13%, OR=2.19, P<0.0001), Bos taurus (22.54%, OR=2.135, P<0.0001) and B. taurus x B. indicus cross bred animals (29.31%, 2.769, P<0.0001), and cattle slaughtered at federal inspected abattoir (17.58%, OR=1.23, P<0.0001). O estudo foi realizado para determinar os padrões epidemiológicos no início da campanha mexicana contra a tuberculose bovina (BTB), no Estado de Tamaulipas, fronteira com os Estados Unidos da América. De janeiro de 1995 a março de 1998, 599 amostras de tecidos bovinos, obtidas em inspeção de rotina em abatedouros, foram analisadas para a presença de Mycobacterium bovis, fixadas em corante Ziehl-Neelsen. O status BTB foi associado ao ano do diagnóstico, idade, raça e origem geográfica do bovino utilizando a razão de probabilidade (OR) (com intervalo de confiança de 95%). A prevalência no abatedouro sob inspeção foi de 15,36%, consideravelmente maior em 1995 (41,38%, OR=5,78), P<0,0001) em relação a 8,09%, 4,42% e 10,14% para 1996, 1997 e 1998, respectivamente. Houve associação entre BTB e animais provenientes do estado de Tamaulipas (19,73%; OR=0.438; P=0.01), idade adulta (19,13%; OR=2,19; P<0,0001), Bos taurus (22,54%; OR=2,135; P<0,0001) e cruzamentos B. taurus x B. indicus (29,31%; 2,769; P<0,0001), e animais abatidos em abatedouros federais inspecionados (17,58%; OR=1,23; P<0,0001)

Epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Mexico, bordering the United States, at establishment of controlling strategies