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Das variáveis anatomopatológicas relacionadas ao prognóstico de enfermos com câncer colorretal, a invasão neural ainda se encontra pouco estudada. OBJETIVO: Verificar se a invasão neural no câncer colorretal estádios B e C de Dukes pode ser considerada como fator prognóstico independente. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 97 doentes operados com intenção curativa e seguidos por período mínimo de cinco anos. Excluíram-se doentes que receberam tratamento adjuvante. Os espécimes cirúrgicos foram corados por hematoxilina-eosina e imunoistoquímica para pesquisa da proteína S-100, com o intuito de se comparar a fidedignidade das técnicas em detectar invasão neural, sendo analisadas comparativamente: acurácia, especificidade, sensibilidade e valores preditivos positivo e negativo. A comparação entre a incidência de invasão neural com relação à recidiva foi realizada, empregando-se o teste do qui-quadrado. A sobrevida e sobrevida livre de doença foram estudadas por análise univariada,. Estabeleceu-se nível de significância de 5% (p £ 0,05) para todos os testes adotados. RESULTADOS: A técnica da HE apresentou fraca habilidade em detectar a invasão neural, não sendo adequada para esta análise em doentes portadores de câncer colorretal. As curvas de sobrevida e sobrevida livre de doença dos enfermos portadores de invasão neural, pesquisada por meio da imunocoloração para proteína S-100 são significativamente piores, identificando aquela característica histológica como valor prognóstico independente (p = 0,0003 e p = 0,0002, respectivamente). A ocorrência de recidiva tumoral foi significativamente maior nos doentes que apresentavam invasão neural (p = 0,0010). CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo permitem concluir que, nos doentes portadores de câncer colorretal, a detecção da invasão neural pela pesquisa imunoistoquímica da proteína S-100 demonstrou ser variável independente, acrescentando informações prognósticas adicionais nos doentes classificados nos estádios B, C e C2 das classificações de Dukes e Astler-Coller, respectivamente. Among the anatomopathological variables related to the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer, neural invasion remains little studied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether neural invasion in patients with colorectal cancer in Dukes stages B and C could be considered to be an independent prognostic factor, by means of univariate and multivariate analysis. METHODS: Ninety-seven patients who underwent operations with curative intent by the same surgical team were followed up for a minimum period of five years and were studied. Patients who received adjuvant treatment were excluded. The surgical specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical techniques for S-100 protein analysis, with the aim of comparing the two techniques for detecting neural invasion. Accuracy, specificity, sensitivity and positive and negative predictive values were analyzed for HE in relation to S-100 protein. Comparison between the incidence of neural invasion and tumor recurrence was made by using the chi-squared test. Survival and disease-free survival were studied by univariate analysis. A significance level of 5% (p £ 0.05) was established for all the tests adopted. RESULTS: The HE technique presented weak ability to detect neural invasion and was inadequate for this analysis in colorectal cancer patients. The survival and disease-free survival curves for patients with neural invasion, investigated by means of immunostaining for S-100 protein, were significantly worse, thus identifying this histological characteristic as having independent prognostic value (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0002, respectively). There was significantly more tumor recurrence among patients who presented neural invasion (p = 0.0010). CONCLUSION: The results from the present study allow the conclusion that, among colorectal cancer patients, neural invasion was shown to be an independent variable that gave additional prognostic information regarding patients in stages B, C and C2 of the Dukes and Astler-Coller classifications, respectively

Importância prognóstica da invasão neural no câncer colorretal: estudo imunoistoquímico com a proteína S-100