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The germ fraction with pericarp (bran) is generated in the industrial processing of corn kernel, and it is used for oil extraction and animal feed. This study evaluated the nutritional and protein quality of this fraction in relation to whole corn. The proximate composition, mineral contents, and amino acid profile of the germ fraction with pericarp and of whole corn were determined. A 4-week experiment was conducted using 36 weanling male Wistar rats, and three 10%-protein diets (reference, germ with 15% lipids and casein with 15% lipids), two 6%-protein diets (whole corn and casein), and a protein-free diet were prepared. The germ showed higher contents of proteins, lipids, dietary fiber (27.8 g.100 g-1), ash, minerals (Fe and Zn- approximately 5 mg.100 g-1), and lysine (57.2 mg.g-1 protein) than those of corn. The germ presented good quality protein (Relative Protein Efficiency Ratio-RPER = 80%; Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score-PDCAAS = 86%), higher than that of corn (RPER = 49%; PDCAAS = 60%). The corn germ fraction with pericarp is rich in dietary fiber, and it is a source of good quality protein as well as of iron and zinc, and its use as nutritive raw material is indicated in food products for human consumption. A fração gérmen com pericarpo (farelo) é produzida no processamento do grão de milho, sendo usada para extração de óleo e alimentação animal. O estudo avaliou a qualidade nutricional e proteica desta fração em relação ao milho. Foi determinada a composição centesimal, conteúdo em minerais e perfil de aminoácidos da fração gérmen com pericarpo e do milho. Foi conduzido um experimento (4 semanas) com 36 ratos Wistar machos recém-desmamados, e foram formuladas três dietas contendo 10% de proteína (referência, gérmen com 15% de lipídios e caseína com 15% de lipídios), duas dietas com 6% de proteína (milho e caseína), e uma dieta aproteica. Foram constatados maiores teores de proteínas, lipídios, fibra alimentar (27,8 g.100g-1), cinzas, minerais (Fe e Zn - aproximadamente 5 mg. 100g-1) e lisina (57,2 mg.g-1 proteína) no gérmen em relação ao milho. O gérmen apresentou proteína de boa qualidade (Relative Protein Efficiency Ratio-RPER = 80%; Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score-PDCAAS = 86%), superior à do milho (RPER = 49%; PDCAAS = 60%). A fração gérmen com pericarpo é rica em fibra alimentar e é fonte de proteína de boa qualidade e de ferro e zinco, sendo indicado seu uso como matéria-prima nutritiva em produtos alimentícios para consumo humano

food science and technology

Corn germ with pericarp in relation to whole corn: nutrient contents, food and protein efficiency, and protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score