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The effect of crude xyloglucan (XG) preparations from jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa (Hayne) Y. T. Lee & Langenh.) seeds on Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. root system development was investigated. The XG extracts exerted a dual effect on root system development by slowing down root growth and improving lateral root formation. These observed morphological changes were not due to oligosaccharides that could be generated following hydrolysis of the XG polymers, since XG hydrolysate induced a drastic inhibition of the overall growth process of the Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Histochemical test of GUS gene expression assay performed on seven and 14-days-old transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants carrying the CycB1;1-GUS fusion indicated that the improvement of the lateral root development by jatobá XG extracts was not correlated with the expression of this cell cycle marker gene in the root system. A potential agricultural application of jatobá seeds XG extract is discussed. O efeito de preparações de xiloglucanas (XG) de sementes de jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa (Hayne) Y. T. Lee & Langenh.) no desenvolvimento do sistema radicular de Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. foi investigado. Os extratos de XG exerceram duplo efeito no sistema radicular, diminuindo o crescimento das raízes e aumentando a formação de raízes laterais. As alterações morfológicas observadas não foram causadas pelos oligossacarídeos que poderiam ter sido produzidos a partir da hidrólise do polímero de XG, já que o hidrolisado de XG induziu uma drástica inibição do processo de crescimento das plântulas de Arabidopsis thaliana. A análise histoquímica de expressão do gene GUS realizada com plantas de Arabidopsis thaliana transgênicas, com sete e 14 dias de idade, carregando a fusão CycB1;1-GUS, indicou que o melhor desenvolvimento das raízes laterais, com os extratos da XG de jatobá, não foi correlacionado com a expressão desse gene marcador do ciclo celular no sistema radicular. Uma potencial aplicação na agricultura dos extratos de XG de sementes de jatobá é discutida

Xyloglucans from Hymenaea courbaril var. stilbocarpa seeds affect Arabidopsis thaliana seedling growth by enhancing lateral root development