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Leaves of Ficus microcarpa L. f., Quercus robur L., and Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Muell. Arg., submerged in a stream of the Atlantic rainforest in the "Reserva Biológica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba", State of São Paulo, Brazil, were collected monthly, from April to November 1990, in order to determine the number of fungal occurrences (zoosporic fungi and aquatic Hyphomycetes), and the content of total N (%), total P (%), K+ (%), Ca+2 (%), Mg+2 (%), S+3 (%), Fe+3 (ppm), Cu+3 (ppm), Mn+2 (ppm), Zn+2 (ppm), Bo (ppm), Na+2 (ppm) and Al+3 (ppm). According to the tests of Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon, the means of the mineral content of the three types of leaves were significantly different, except for Mg+2 (%), Mn+2 (ppm), Zn+2 (ppm) and Na+2 (ppm). On comparing the mineral content with the number of fungal occurrence, an independence test showed a positive correlation between the presence of zoosporic fungi on the leaves of A. triplinervia and the total nitrogen, phosphorus and S+3 content, whereas the aquatic Hyphomycetes depended on the amount of Ca+2 available. Regarding leaves of F. microcarpa, the occurrence of zoosporic fungi was linked to the S+3 level, and the presence of aquatic Hyphomycetes, to the content of K+, Ca+2, S+3 and Bo. On Q. robur leaves, zoosporic fungi showed a positive correlation with the Ca+2 content, but a negative one with Fe+3 and Al+3 levels, while the occurrence of aquatic Hyphomycetes was influenced by the content of Ca+2, Mg+2, Fe+3, Al+3, Mn+2, Zn+2 and Na+2. The correlation between the occurrence number of aquatic Hyphomycetes and a high mineral content indicates that their nutritional requirements may be more complex than those of zoosporic fungi. Further studies are still required to understand the implications of this tendency on the diversity of aquatic native mycota. Folhas de Ficus microcarpa L.f., Quercus robur L. e Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Muell. Arg., submersas em um riacho na Mata Atlântica da Reserva Biológica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba, no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, foram coletadas mensalmente, de abril a novembro de 1990, para a determinação do número de ocorrências de fungos (fungos zoospóricos e Hyphomycetes aquáticos), teores de N total (%), P total (%), K+ (%), Ca+2 (%), Mg+2 (%), S+3 (%), Fe+3 (ppm), Cu+3 (ppm), Mn+2 (ppm), Zn+2 (ppm), Bo (ppm), Na+2 (ppm) e Al+3 (ppm). De acordo com os testes de Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon, as médias dos parâmetros determinados nos três tipos de folhas diferiram significativamente, com exceção de Mg+2 (%), Mn+2 (ppm), Zn+2 (ppm) e Na+2 (ppm). Confrontando os teores de elementos minerais com o número total de ocorrências dos fungos, o teste de independência revelou correlação positiva do número de ocorrências dos fungos zoospóricos nas folhas de A. triplinervia com os teores de N, P e S+3, enquanto a presença dos Hyphomycetes aquáticos dependeu da disponibilidade de Ca+2 nos substratos. Nas folhas de F. microcarpa, a ocorrência de fungos zoospóricos relacionou-se com o teor de S+3 e a presença dos Hyphomycetes aquáticos aos teores de K, Ca+2, S+3 e Bo. Nas folhas de Q. robur, os fungos zoospóricos mostraram correlação positiva com o teor de Ca+2, mas negativa com os de Fe+3 e Al+3, enquanto a ocorrência de Hyphomycetes aquáticos foi influenciada pelos teores de Ca+2, Mg+2, Fe+3, Al+3, Mn+2, Zn+2 e Na+2. A correlação do número de ocorrências dos Hyphomycetes aquáticos com elevado número de teores de elementos minerais pode indicar que as exigências nutricionais desse grupo são mais complexas do que as dos fungos zoospóricos. Estudos subseqüentes ainda são necessários para entender as implicações dessa tendência sobre a diversidade da micota aquática nativa

revista brasileira de botânica

Interaction between the mineral content and the occurrence number of aquatic fungi in leaves submerged in a stream in the Atlantic rainforest, São Paulo, Brazil