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O objetivo do experimento consistiu na simulação in vitro da soja transgênica tolerante ao glyphosate, através do cultivo de explantes em meios de cultura contendo aminoácidos aromáticos. As avaliações basearam-se nos efeitos do glyphosate sobre sementes oriundas de explantes de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cv. UFV-16. Para tanto, explantes de soja foram cultivados em meios de cultura líquidos com pH em torno de 5,0. Cada explante constou de um legume completamente expandido contendo duas sementes de aproximadamente 100 mg, conectada a um segmento de caule de 45 mm de comprimento. Os tratamentos testados foram: A = glutamina (Gln); B = Gln + fenilalanina (Phe) + tirosina (Tyr) + triptofano (Trp); C = Gln + glyphosate; D = Gln + Phe + Tyr + Trp + glyphosate. O experimento foi conduzido sob irradiância de 80 mmol-2s-1 a 25oC por 204 horas. Nos tratamentos que receberam aminoácidos aromáticos e glutamina, o herbicida não afetou as massas fresca e seca das sementes, como também, não afetou seus constituintes bioquímicos (proteínas, óleo, ácidos graxos, carboidratos e clorofilas). Portanto, a suplementação exógena de aminoácidos aromáticos suprime os efeitos fitotóxicos do glyphosate sobre explantes de soja, permitindo estudos sobre o seu modo de ação e metabolismo nas sementes, uma vez que os explantes se comportaram analogamente à soja transgênica não suscetível ao herbicida. The objective of this experiment consisted in simulation in vitro of the transgenic soybean tolerant to glyphosate through explant cultivation in culture medium containing aromatic amino acids. The effects of glyphosate on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) were evaluated in seeds harvested from explants of cv UFV-16. The soybean explants were cultivated in liquid medium culture with pH about 5.0. Each explant consisted of one fruit completely expanded, containing two seeds of 100 mg approximately, and connected to a stem segment of 45 mm length. The explants were submitted to the following treatments: A = glutamine (Gln); B = Gln + phenylalanine (Phe) + tyrosine (Try) + tryptophan (Trp); C = Gln + glyphosate; D = Gln + Phe + Tyr + Trp + glyphosate. The experiment was conducted under irradiance of 80 mmol-2s-1 at 25o for 204 hours. The treatments with aromatic amino acids and glutamine avoided the herbicide effect on seed fresh and dried weights and had no effect on their biochemical constituents (proteins, oil, fatty acids, carbohydrates and chlorophylls). Thus, an exogenous supplementation of aromatic amino acids eliminates phytotoxic effects of glyphosate on soybean explants. Therefore, it was developed an in vitro system that allows to study the mode of action and the metabolism of glyphosate in soybean seeds, since the explants behaved in a similar manner as the transgenic soybean unsusceptible to the herbicide

Simulação da soja geneticamente modificada tolerante ao glyphosate por meio do cultivo de explantes