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Acute toxicity of the glyphosate -N (phosphonomethyl) glycine- herbicide, Roundup®, in juveniles of cachama blanca, (Piaractus brachypomus), was evaluated and the histopathological lesions were assessed. The 96 h lethal concentration 50 was 97.47mg.L-1 (P<0.05). In the gill, necrotic and proliferative lesions were detected. In the liver, congestion, degenerative foci, hyaline droplets and lipidic vacuolization of the hepatocytes were observed. In the stomach mild hyperplasia of mucous cells was detected, which was also observed in the skin. In this latter tissue, a large increase in the thickness of the epidermis with necrotic lesions, infiltration of leukocytes and melanin pigment were observed. In the brain, degenerative foci of neuronal bodies in the telencephalon associated with gliosis and infiltration of eosinophilic granule cells/mast cells were shown. In conclusion, gills, liver, skin and brain are susceptible to Roundup®. Moreover, effects on the central nervous system could affect olfaction as well as individual and group behavior, the reproductive performance of the fish and hence have repercussions at the population level. Este estudo avaliou a toxicidade aguda e as alterações histopatológicas induzidas pelo glifosato -N (fosfometil) glicina, na formulação Roundup® em juvenis de pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus) expostos durante 96 horas. A concentração letal 50 foi de 97.47mg.L-1 (P<0.05). Nas brânquias foram achadas lesões proliferativas e necróticas. No fígado foi observada congestão, processos degenerativos, gotas hialinas e presença de vacúolos lipídicos nos hepatócitos. No estomago e na pele foi detectada hiperplasia ligeira das células de moco. Nesta ultima, adicionalmente foi observado engrossamento da epidermes com lesões necróticas, infiltração de células leucocitárias e acumulação de melanina. No cérebro foram observados focos de degeneração de somas neurais na região do telencéfalo junto com gliose e infiltração de células granulais eosinofilicas/células mast. Concluindo, as brânquias, o fígado, a pele e o cérebro são órgãos suscetíveis ao Roundup®. Adicionalmente, os efeitos sobre o sistema nervoso central poderiam reduzir a olfação nos peixes, tanto como o comportamento grupal e individual, a performance reprodutivo e desta forma, repercutir no nível populacional

Acute toxicity and histopathological alterations of Roundup® herbicide on "cachama blanca" (Piaractus brachypomus)