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OBJETIVOS: comparar duas diferentes técnicas de congelação e dois tipos de envase do sêmen humano durante processo de criopreservação. MÉTODOS: estudo experimental, no qual foi analisada a criopreservação de 18 amostras de sêmen de 18 voluntários. Após a adição de meio crioprotetor, "Test-yolk buffer" , as amostras de sêmen foram envasadas em palhetas com capacidade de 0,25 mL ou em criotubos de 2 mL e submetidas à criopreservação por dois métodos, um lento e outro rápido, totalizando quatro tratamentos distintos: RP (congelação pelo método rápido e envasado em palheta), RT (rápido-criotubo), LP (lento-palheta) e LT (lento-criotubo). As amostras, após 24 horas, foram descongeladas em temperatura ambiente e mantidas a 37ºC. Os dados coletados foram analisados através do teste t de Student, com p<0,05, utilizando o programa de computador SPSS for Windows® versão 11.0.0. RESULTADOS: houve redução da motilidade espermática após o processo de criopreservação. A taxa de motilidade inicial foi 58,1% e as motilidades após os diferentes métodos de criopreservação foram: 19,2% (RP), 27% (RT), 21,1% (LP) e 30,3% (LT). Houve redução significativa na morfologia normal. A taxa de morfologia normal inicial foi 14,2% e as morfologias após os diferentes métodos de criopreservação foram: 12,8% (RP), 12,6% (RT), 12,6% (LP) e 12,4% (LT). CONCLUSÕES: o método de criopreservação lento com envase em criotubo esteve associado à melhor motilidade espermática após o descongelamento. Não houve diferença entre os métodos quando avaliada a morfologia espermática. PURPOSE: to compare two different methods of freezing and two types of human semen storage during cryopreservation process. METHODS: experimental research in which the cryopreservation of 18 semen samples from 18 volunteers was studied. Following the addition of the cryoprotectant medium, Test-yolk buffer, the semen samples were packaged into 0.25 mL straws or into 2 mL cryotubes and submitted to cryopreservation by slow or rapid methods, in four different treatments: RS (cryopreservation by rapid method and packaged in straws), RT (rapid-cryotubes), SS (slow-straws), and ST (slow-cryotubes). Samples were thawed after 24 hand then maintained at 37ºC. Data collected were analyzed by the Student t-test, with p<0.05, using the SPSS computer program for Windows®, version 11.0.0. RESULTS: the motility of spermatozoa decreased after the cryopreservation process. The initial motility rate was 58.1% and motilities after the different methods of cryopreservation were 19.2% (RS), 27% (RT), 21.1% (SS) and 30.3% (ST). There was a significant decrease of the normal morphology. The initial normal morphology was 14.2% and morphologies after the different methods of cryopreservation were 12.8% (RS), 12.6% (RT), 12.6% (SS) and 12.4% (ST). CONCLUSIONS: the slow method of cryopreservation with storage in cryotubes showed the best recovery of motile cells after freezing and thawing. There was no difference among the methods when appraised the morphology

Criopreservação de sêmen humano: comparação entre métodos de congelação e tipos de envase