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The study was done to identify the most active fungitoxic component of cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) oil that can be used as a marker for standardization of cinnamon extract or oil based natural preservative of stored seeds. Aspergillus flavus and A. ruber were used as test fungi. The hexane extracted crude oil and the hydro-distilled essential oil from cinnamon bark had complete growth inhibition concentration (CGIC) of 300 and 100 µl/l, respectively. Both oils produced three fractions on preparative thin layer silica-gel chromatography plates. The fraction-2 of either oil was the largest and most active, with CGIC of 200 µl/l, but the fungitoxicity was also retained in the other two fractions. The fraction-1 and 3 of the crude oil reduced growth of both the fungal species by 65%, and those of distilled oil by 45% at 200 µl/l. The CGIC of these fractions from both the sources was above 500 µl/l. The gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the fraction-2 of the hexane extract revealed that it contained 61% cinnamaldehyde, 29% cinnamic acid, and two minor unidentified compounds in the proportion of 4% and 6%. The GC-MS of the fraction-2 of the distilled oil revealed that it contained 99.1% cinnamaldehyde and 0.9% of an unidentified compound. The CGIC of synthetic cinnamaldehyde was 300 µl/l and that of cinnamic acid above 500 µl/l. The 1:1 mixture of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid had CGIC of 500 µl/l. The data revealed that cinnamaldehyde was the major fungitoxic component of hexane extract and the distilled essential oil of cinnamon bark, while other components have additive or synergistic effects on total fungitoxicity. It is suggested that the natural seed preservative based on cinnamon oil can be standardized against cinnamaldehyde. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o mais ativo componente fungitóxico de óleo de casca de canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), que pode ser usado como marcador para padronização de um conservante natural, baseado no óleo de canela, para sementes armazenadas. Os dois fungos de armazenamento, Aspergillus flavus e A. ruber foram usados como fungos-teste. O extrato de hexano e o óleo obtido por meio de hidro-destilação de casca de canela, tiveram concentração de inibição completa de crescimento (CICC) de 300 e 100 µl/l, respectivamente. A cromatografia preparativa de camada delgada de ambos os óleos produziu três frações. Em ambos os óleos a fração-2 foi a maior e mais ativa com CICC de 200 µl/l. A fungitoxidez também foi encontrada nas outras duas frações de ambos os óleos. As frações 1 e 3 do óleo extraído com hexano reduziram o crescimento de ambas as espécies de Aspergillus em 65%, e do óleo destilado em 45%, com CICC maior que 500 µl/l. A cromatografia gasosa-espectrometria de massa revelou que frações-2 de óleo hexânico continha 61% de cinamaldeído, 29% de ácido cinâmico e dois compostos não identificados nas proporção de 4 e 6%. A fracão-2 do óleo destilado continha 99,1% de cinamaldeído e 0,1% de um composto não identificado. O CICC de cinamaldeído sintético foi de 300 µl/l e de ácido cinâmico 500 µl/l. Os dados revelam que cinamaldeído é o composto principal com atividade antifúngica tanto no óleo extraído com hexano quanto no óleo destilado da casca de canela. Os outros componentes parecem ter efeito aditivo ou sinérgico na atividade fungitóxica total. O conservante natural de sementes baseado no óleo ou extrato de canela pode ser padronizado utilizando cinamaldeído como marcador

Identification of the major fungitoxic component of cinnamon bark oil