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The objective of this work was to evaluate grain yield of maize single cross hybrids obtained from diallel crosses among contrasting lines, to estimate the combining ability of the lines, and finally to confirm if the genetic diversity among those lines assessed by molecular markers is correlated with single cross hybrids heterosis. The 36 single cross hybrids resulting from partial diallel and 12 parental lines were evaluated in Campinas in randomized block design, with three replicates and two control lines checks. General combining ability of the lines was estimated according to Griffing model 4. Correlations among matrices were estimated through Mantel statistics, considering heterosis, yield and specific combining ability with genetic divergence assessed by AFLP and SSR. The hybrids PM518 x L111 exhibited an outstanding yield and the lines PM518, IP4035 and L111 showed positive general combining ability. The estimate heterosis ranged from 927 to 6,698 kg ha(-1). A positive and significant correlation was observed in parental lines between heterosis and genetic diversity assessed by AFLP and SSR. The genetic divergence, however, was not enough to determine the specific combining ability and the hybrids yield

Correlação da heterose de híbridos de milho com divergência genética entre linhagens