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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, em laboratório, os efeitos do extrato de semente de nim sobre uma praga da pimenteira, o pulgão-verde Myzus persicae (Sulzer), e seu predador Eriopis connexa (Germar). Folhas de pimenteira foram imersas em solução aquosa de extrato de semente de nim (1% de azadiractina) a 0,5%, 1%, em acefato (0,75 g L-1) e em água. Fêmeas do pulgão foram transferidas para essas folhas e, após seis dias, avaliou-se a população final. Larvas de quarto ínstar do predador foram colocadas em plantas de pimenteira infestadas com pulgões e pulverizadas com solução aquosa de nim a 0,25 e, 0,5%, em acefato (0,75 g L-1) e em água. Após 48 horas, as larvas foram transferidas para tubos de plástico e alimentadas com pulgões. A mortalidade larval, a viabilidade pupal e a emergência de adultos foram avaliadas. A população de pulgões foi significativamente menor em folhas tratadas com nim e com acefato do que nas tratadas com água. A mortalidade de larvas do predador foi maior em plantas tratadas com acefato do que com nim. No entanto, somente 9,1 e 10% das larvas em plantas tratadas com nim a 0,25% e a 0,5%, respectivamente, formaram pupas e não houve emergência de adultos. Apesar do potencial do nim em reduzir a população de M. persicae, o produto apresenta efeitos nocivos a E. connexa. The aim of this work was to assess, in laboratory, the effects of neem seed extract on chilli pepper pest, the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and on its predator Eriopis connexa (Germar). Chilli pepper leaves were treated with an aqueous solution of neem seed extract (1% of azadiractin) at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0%, using acephate (0.75 g L-1) and water. Aphid females were transferred to treated leaves and after six days the aphid population was checked. Fourth-instar larvae of E. connexa were placed on pepper seedlings infested with aphids and sprayed with an aqueous solution of neem at 0.25 and 0.5%, using acephate (0.75 g L-1) and water. After 48 hours, larvae were transferred to plastic tubes and fed aphids. Larval mortality, pupal viability and adult emergence were evaluated. Aphid population was significantly lower on leaves treated with neem and acephate than on water treated plants. Mortality of E. connexa larvae was higher on plants treated with acephate than on neem treated plants. However, only 9.1 and 10% of larvae on plants treated with neem at 0.25 and 0.5%, respectively, reached the pupal phase and there was no adult emergence. In spite of the potential of neem to reduce M. persicae population, the product shows deleterious effects on E. connexa

Toxicidade letal e subletal do nim sobre o pulgão-verde e seu predador Eriopis connexa