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O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a porcentagem de plantas zigóticas e nucelares de Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. em uma população resultante de polinização aberta e avaliar a eficiência de seleção de plantas nucelares com base na morfologia e no vigor. Sementes de frutos maduros foram semeadas em tubetes de 50 cm³, e após 150 dias as plantas foram transplantadas para sacos de plástico. A morfologia foliar e a altura das plantas foram avaliadas 300 dias após a semeadura, e a caracterização genética foi feita por sistemas isoenzimáticos. Em média, obteve-se 1,07 plantas por semente, e o número máximo observado foi de duas plantas por semente. Nesses casos, ambas as plantas foram caracterizadas como nucelares por análise isoenzimática, embora apresentassem tamanho diferenciado e menor do que a média de altura das demais. As plantas zigóticas identificadas, 5,9% da população, distribuíram-se nas classes de menor altura, manifestando depressão genética. Não foram observadas plantas com vigor híbrido. A diferenciação entre as plantas nucelares e zigóticas, por meio de caracteres morfológicos da folha, não foi possível. O descarte visual das plantas menores, cerca de 30% da população, é eficiente na seleção de porta-enxertos nucelares de trifoliata produzidos em tubetes em ambiente protegido. The aim of this work was to quantify the percentage of zygotic and nucellar plants of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. in an open pollinated population, and to evaluate the efficiency of the morphology and vigor-based selection method of nucellar plants. Seeds from mature fruits were sowed in plastic tubes of 50 cm³. After 150 days the plants were transferred to plastic bags of 4,8 dm³. Leaf morphology and height of plants were evaluated 300 days after sowing. Genetic characterization was carried out by isoenzymatic systems. In average, 1.07 plants were obtained per seed and the maximum value was two plants per seed. In these cases, both plants were characterized as nucellar by isoenzymes, although showing different and smaller size than the average of the rest of the plants. Zygotic plants identified were 5.9% of the population and were distributed in the classes of smaller size, showing genetic depression. Plants showing hybrid vigor were not observed. The differentiation of nucellar from zygotic plants was not possible by leaf morphological characters. The visual elimination of the smaller plants, about 30% of the population, is an efficient method to select trifoliata nucellar plants produced in plastic tubes under protected environment

Quantificação e método para seleção de plantas nucelares de Poncirus trifoliata