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O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar as perdas de N do sistema solo-cana-de-açúcar, nos ciclos de cana-planta e de cana-soca. Desenvolveram-se dois experimentos em vasos de 220 L, contendo solo de classe textural arenosa. Os fatores de estudo do experimento com cana-planta foram dois tipos de restos culturais incorporados ao solo e quatro doses de N no plantio. No experimento com cana-soca, estudaram-se duas formas de aplicação da uréia em superfície: sobre a palha ou sobre o solo descoberto, ou na profundidade de 15 cm, e duas fontes de K: KCl ou vinhaça. Utilizou-se uréia marcada com 15N. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Em cana-planta, as perdas foram de 12% do N-uréia (recuperação de 88%), que ocorreram, principalmente, por desnitrificação no solo. Em cana-soca, a aplicação da uréia em profundidade resultou em 81% de recuperação do N-fertilizante, enquanto na superficial, somente em 50%. Perdas de 50% do N-uréia aplicado em superfície representam aquelas que ocorreram no solo, principalmente, por volatilização de amônia, e, também, pela parte aérea da cana-de-açúcar. Com aplicação em profundidade, as perdas foram de 19% e se deram pela parte aérea das plantas para a atmosfera, sendo a perda total de N (da uréia e de outras fontes) assimilado pela cultura da ordem de 90 kg ha-1. The objective of this work was to quantify the losses of N from the soil-plant system, in the cane plant and sugar cane ratoon-cycle. Two experiments were carried out in 220 Lpots filled with sandy soil. In the experiment with cane plant two factors were studied: two types of sugar cane crop residues incorporated in the soil and four doses of N applied as urea. In the experiment with sugar cane ratoon two forms of urea application on soil surface were studied: over the straw (trash) or uncovered soil, or at a depth of 15 cm, and two potassium sources: KCl or vinasse. Urea labeled with 15N was used in both experiments. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with three replications. In the cane plant experiment, 12% of the Nurea applied was lost (recovery of 88%), due to denitrification. In the experiment with sugar cane ratoon, when urea was applied in the soil at 15cm depth, recovery of the N-fertilizer was 81%, while 50% was recovered when urea was applied on the surface. Losses of 50% of the Nurea applied to soil surface were due to ammonia volatilization in the soil, and also to ammonia volatilization through the sugar cane foliage. When urea was applied at 15 cm depth, 19% of the Nurea was lost from plant tops to the atmosphere, being the total loss of N (from urea and other sources assimilated by sugar cane) equivalent to 90 kg ha-1

Perdas do nitrogênio da uréia no sistema solo-planta em dois ciclos de cana-de-açúcar