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Esse estudo avaliou sazonalmente a dieta de Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858) e M. sanctaefilomenae (Steindachner, 1907), coletadas em simpatria no riacho Cancela, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Independente do período hidrológico, alimentos de origem alóctone predominaram na dieta de ambas as espécies (>50% do total de itens consumidos), sendo insetos terrestres o recurso principal, embora, para M. dichroura insetos aquáticos tenham contribuído na dieta também. Hymenoptera (Formicidae) foi o alimento mais consumido, sendo ambas as espécies caracterizadas como insetívoras terrestres. A dieta restrita dessas espécies é confirmada pelos baixos valores de amplitude de nicho trófico: Ba=0,26 para M. dichroura em ambos os períodos e Ba=0,41 no período de seca e 0,38 no período de chuva, para M. sanctaefilomenae. A sobreposição alimentar foi elevada no período de chuva (Ojk=0,75) e apresentou valor intermediário no período de seca (Ojk=0,41), evidenciando maior partilha do alimento entre as espécies neste período. This study evaluated the seasonality in the diet of Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858) and M. sanctaefilomenae (Steindachner, 1907), sympatric species of the Cancela stream, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Regardless of the seasonal period, allochthonous food source predominated in the diet of both species (>50% of all items consumed) and among these terrestrial insects were the dominant resource. However, aquatic insects were important in the diet of M. dichroura as well. Hymenoptera (Formicidae) was the dominant item to both species, thus they were characterized as terrestrial insectivorous. The restricted diet of these species is confirmed by the trophic niche breadth, whose values were in general low: Ba=0.26 to M. dichroura in both periods and Ba=0.41 and 0.38 in the dry and rainy period, respectively, to M. sanctaefilomenae. The feeding overlap was high in the rainy period (Ojk=0.75) and intermediate in the dry period (Ojk=0.41), showing that the food partitioning between species was larger in this period

Uso do alimento por duas espécies simpátricas de Moenkhausia (Characiformes, Characidae) em um riacho da Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil