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A produção nacional de banana está comprometida pela atuação da sigatoka-negra (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet) por todo o país, e particularmente no Amapá. Os cultivares Caipira, Thap Maeo, PV03-44, FHIA-01 e FHIA-18, altamente resistentes à doença, e o cultivar suscetível FHIA-21 foram avaliados quanto às características físico-químicas dos frutos, no período de 2003-2004, nas condições edafoclimáticas do Estado do Amapá. O teor médio de umidade dos frutos de banana foi de 74,61% onde FHIA-18 (75,91%) diferiu estatisticamente de Thap Maeo (74,01%), FHIA-21 (73,96%) e de PV03-44 (73,68%). Em relação à matéria seca dos frutos (média de 25,39%), FHIA-18 (24,09%) apresentou valores significativamente menores que PV03-44 (26,32%), FHIA-21 (26,04%) e Thap Maeo (25,99%). Foi observado que as polpas dos cultivares apresentaram natureza ácida (pH 4,8), sendo que PV03-44 (5,1) diferiu estatisticamente de FHIA-18 (4,6). No teor de sólidos solúveis (média de 21,51ºBrix), o cultivar FHIA 21 (24,82ºBrix) diferiu significativamente dos demais. A relação SS/AT (média de 82,90) do cultivar FHIA-21 (99,23) diferiu estatisticamente de Thap Maeo (78,95), FHIA-18 e PV03-44 (77,48). Em relação à acidez titulável (0,27% ácido málico) e ao teor de lipídeos (0,17%), não houve diferenciação entre os cultivares. Quanto ao teor protéico dos materiais resistentes à sigatoka-negra, a média do ensaio foi de 4,59%, tendo o genótipo PV03-44 (4,08%) diferido estatisticamente dos demais. Os cultivares resistentes estudados apresentaram aspectos positivos de qualidade, principalmente na relação SS/AT, um dos principais parâmetros de atributo qualitativo de sabor da fruta. Banana's national production is committed by the performance of the black sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet) for the whole country, and particularly in Amapá, Brazil. This work aimed at evaluating cultivars highly resistant to the disease, Caipira, Thap Maeo, PV03-44, FHIA-01, FHIA-18, and to susceptible cultivar FHIA-21, with relationship to the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits, in the period of 2003-2004, under the edafoclimatic conditions of the state of Amapá. The medium moisture content of banana fruits was 74,61%, and FHIA-18 (75,91%) differed statistically of Thap Maeo (74,01%), FHIA-21 (73,96%) and PV03-44 (73,68%). In relation to the dry matter of fruits (25,39%), FHIA-18 (24,09%) presented values significantly smaller than PV03-44 (26,32%), FHIA-21 (26,04%) and Thap Maeo (25,99%). It was observed that the pulps of the cultivars presented acid nature (pH 4,8), and PV03-44 (5,1) differed statistically of FHIA-18 (4,6). In the soluble solids content (average of 21,51ºBrix), the cultivar FHIA-21 (24,82ºBrix) differed significantly of the others. The ratio SS/TA (average of 82,90) of the cultivar FHIA-21 (99,23) differed statistically of Thap Maeo (78,95), FHIA-18 and PV03-44 (77,48). In relation to the titratable acidity (0,27% malic acid) and to lipids content (0,17%), there was not difference among the cultivars. Regarding to the protein content of the resistant materials to the black sigatoka, the average of the experiment was of 4,59%, and the genotype PV03-44 (4,08%) differed statistically of the others. The resistant cultivars presented positive aspects of quality, mainly in the ratio TSS/TTA, one of the main parameters of qualitative attribute of fruit flavor

Avaliação físico-química de frutos de bananeiras