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Objective. To model the variability of medical visits by chil- dren for respiratory reasons as a consequence of the daily changes in environmental pollution observed in the emer- gency and family medicine departments of a hospital of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social located in the south- west of Mexico City during 1993. Materials and meth- ods. The correlation between the presence of upper and lower respiratory tract infections and exposure to ozone and nitrogen dioxide was studied. To model this associa- tion, the authors used multivariate Poisson regression mod- els with linear and non-linear risk, with lag periods between the environmental measurements and the medical visits of one, two and three days, as well as the average of the mea- surements of three, five and seven days previous to the visit. Results. The model estimates that an increment of 50 ppb in the daily average of ozone would cause an in- crease of 9.9% in emergency visits due to high respiratory tract infections during the winter, which could rise to 30% if the increment would last five consecutive days in average. Conclusions. Results suggest that exposure of children younger than 15 years of age to ozone and nitrogen dioxide significantly affect the number of medical visits for respira- tory causes in this part of Mexico City.

Efecto de la contaminación ambiental sobre las consultas por infecciones respiratorias en niños de la Ciudad de México