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O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os possíveis efeitos fitotóxicos de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência, isolados e em misturas, na soja transgênica (cv. M-SOY 8008 RR) tolerante ao glyphosate e no controle de plântulas de Commelina benghalensis. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos no período de janeiro a maio de 2006, em vasos, mantidos em condições de ambiente não controlado, no Departamento de Fitossanidade, UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal (SP). Os tratamentos avaliados foram: glyphosate (1,20 kg ha-1 e.a.), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,02 kg ha-1), lactofen (0,18 kg ha-1), fomesafen (0,25 kg ha-1), flumioxazin (0,025 kg ha-1), imazethapyr (0,10 kg ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1) mais lactofen (0,096 kg ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1) mais fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1), lactofen (0,096kg ha-1) mais fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1), as misturas de glyphosate (0,60kgha-1) com chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1), lactofen (0,096 kg ha-1), fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1), flumioxazin (0,0125 kg ha-1), imazethapyr (0,05 kg ha-1) e uma testemunha sem aplicação de herbicida. No experimento com C. benghalensis, testou-se também a aplicação seqüencial de glyphosate (0,96 mais 0,72 kg ha-1 e.a.). A associação de ghyphosate a herbicidas utilizados em soja convencional ocasionou danos visuais às plantas de soja. Em alguns casos, como nas misturas de glyphosate com lactofen e glyphosate com flumioxazin, os sintomas foram severos, com necroses e pontos cloróticos nas folhas. Mesmo assim, essa fitointoxicação não influenciou no desenvolvimento vegetativo e reprodutivo da soja. A mistura de glyphosate a outros herbicidas, assim como a sua aplicação seqüencial, não foram eficazes no controle de C. benghalensis, nas doses testadas e quando as plantas estavam no estádio de 4 a 6 folhas totalmente expandidas. The objective of this study was to evaluate phytotoxicity effects of herbicides applied during post-emergence, either alone or in mixture with other chemicals in transgenic glyphosate-tolerant soybean (cv. M-SOY 8008 RR) and in Commelina benghalensis. Two experiments were carried out from January to May 2006, in pots, under uncontrolled conditions, at Plant Protection Department of UNESP, Jaboticabal (SP), Brazil. The following herbicides were used: glyphosate (1,20 kg a.e. ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,02 kg ha-1), lactofen (0,018 kg ha-1), fomesafen (0,25kg ha-1), flumioxazin (0,025 kg ha-1), imazethapyr (0,10 kg ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1) plus lactofen (0,096 kg ha-1), chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1) plus fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1) and lactofen (0,096 kg ha-1) plus fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1). It was also used the glyphosate (0,60 kg a.e. ha-1) in mixture with chlorimuron-ethyl (0,01 kg ha-1), lactofen (0,096 kg ha-1), fomesafen (0,125 kg ha-1), flumioxazin (0,0125 kg ha-1) and imazethapyr (0,05 kg ha-1) and a no treated control. Also the sequential application of glyphosate (0,96 plus 0,72 kg a.e. ha-1) was used in the experiment with C. benghalensis. The association of glyphosate and conventional soybean herbicides caused soybean injury. In some cases, such as in the glyphosate-lactofen and glyphosate-flumioxazin mixtures, the symptoms were severe, with necrosis and clorosis. Although there were phytotoxic symptoms in the plant, the herbicide did not affect vegetative and reproductive soybean development. The mixture of glyphosate to other herbicides and its sequential application did not control C. benghalensis, when sprayed in the tested doses and in plants with 4 to 6 expanded leaves

bragantia

Seletividade da soja transgênica tolerante ao glyphosate e eficácia de controle de Commelina benghalensis com herbicidas aplicados isolados e em misturas