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Com o objetivo de identificar características morfológicas em plantas de soja que determinem maior habilidade competitiva com plantas daninhas, foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos, um em Cruz Alta (RS), onde a soja competiu com nabo-forrageiro (Raphanus sativus), e outro em Eldorado do Sul (RS), onde a cultura competiu com as espécies daninhas picão-preto (Bidens spp.) e guanxuma (Sida rhombifolia). Por meio de análises de regressão linear múltipla e de correlação, cultivares de soja que produzem maior quantidade de matéria seca do caule (incluindo as folhas) aos 45 dias após a emergência, de matéria seca da parte aérea aos 60 dias após a emergência e de grãos, têm habilidade competitiva superior à de nabo-forrageiro. Quando os competidores foram as espécies picão-preto e guanxuma, a matéria seca dos ramos de soja (com as folhas), cobertura do solo pelo dossel da cultura e produção de grãos destacaram-se como as características que conferiram maior habilidade competitiva à soja. As características estatura de planta, número de ramos e comprimento de ramos também contribuíram para expressar maior capacidade de competição à soja. In order to identify morphological characteristics in soybean plants that define greater competitive ability against weeds, two experiments were carried out. The first experiment was installed in Cruz Alta, RS, where soybean competed against forage radish (Raphanus sativus), and the other in Eldorado do Sul, RS, where the crop competed against beggar ticks (Bidens spp.) and arrow leaf sida (Sida rhombifolia). Results multiple linear regression and correlation analysis demonstrated that soybean plants holding with higher stem dry matter of (including leaves) at 45 days after emergency, higher dry matter of shoot at 60 days after emergency, and greater grain yield, granted superior competitiveness of soybean with forage radish. When competitors were weeds hairy beggarticks and arrowleaf sida, soybean stem dry matter (with the leaves), soil coverage by crop canopy, and grain yield, arose as the traits that conferred greater competitive ability to the crop. Plant height, branch number and branch length have also contributed for higher competition ability in soybean

Características de plantas de soja que conferem habilidade competitiva com plantas daninhas