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Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease whose manifestations can drastically affect the individual’s quality of life, and therefore adherence to treatment is important in order to keep it in remission.  Objective To verify the prevalence of non-adherence and the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics associated with non-adherence to treatment of UC in remission.  Methods Cross-sectional study conducted with 90 individuals diagnosed with UC in remission. The information was collected through interviews during medical consultations at Medical Clinic of Gastroenterology of Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. To verify the association of the variables under study with the outcome of interest and its measure of association, Student’s t-test or Pearson’s chi-square non-parametric test (P&lt;0.05) was used and prevalence ratio and confidence interval were calculated.  Results A high prevalence of non-adherence (77.8%) was found among patients with UC in remission. The individuals most likely to not adhere to the treatment were those aged less than 50 years, who were not engaged in paid work, with high scores for anxiety and who used more than one medication as part of the treatment of UC.  Conclusion These findings reinforce that acknowledging the factors that influence the non-adherence behavior is of paramount importance for the development of strategies by health care professionals, assuring that those will be really effective to prolong, as much as possible, one of the most successful ways to maintain the UC remission period: the use of medications.

HIGH PREVALENCE OF NON-ADHERENCE TO ULCERATIVE COLITIS THERAPY IN REMISSION: KNOWING THE PROBLEM TO PREVENT LOSS