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Objective:  To evaluate the Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in infected deciduous teeth by quantifying the viable bacteria in root canal treatment.  Material and Methods:  Radicular canal cultures were collected (n= 10). Four intra-canal samples were collected at four different times in each of the sampled teeth, as follows: Time 1 (T1), baseline: After opening the pulp-chamber; Time 2 (T2): After application of aPDT; Time 3 (T3): After mechanical, chemical manipulation; Time 4 (T4): After a second application of aPDT. The aPDT was performed with a 4J/cm energy low-intensity diode, together with 0.005% methylene blue as a photosensitizer. The clinical specimens were taken to the laboratory for a bacteria count (colony forming units) and the results were statistically analyzed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, with a significance level of α=0.05.  Results:  Statistical differences were seen between the numbers of bacteria at times T1-T2, T1-T3 and T1-T4 on the cultivated plates. However, no significant statistical differences were observed between the number of bacteria in samples T2-T3, T2-T4 and T3-T4.  Conclusion:  Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can be a good co-adjuvant in root canal decontamination of necrotic primary teeth.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in the Endodontic Treatment of Deciduous Teeth: In Vivo Pilot Study