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This work aims to analyze, from a multisector point of view, the Brazilian inflationary process between 2000 and 2009. In order to do so, we present a structural decomposition analysis methodology to be applied to the Input-Output Price Model. Based on the assumption that under normal conditions of a market economy, inflation is mainly caused by the increase in production costs, we evaluate the results of the structural decomposition analysis for the Brazilian economy during the period 20012009. We divide the period in three phases. In the first, between 2001 and 2003, the major cause of Brazilian inflation is nominal exchange rate. The second one, 2004-2005, marks a change in the path of the exchange rate, and an increase in the importance of commodities price and wages. In the last phase, from 2006 to 2009, labor cost exerts the most important influence on the inflation rate and due to the behavior of income distributive, the service sector became an important factor in the explanation of the inflation rate in the Brazilian economy.

A dinâmica inflacionária no Brasil de 2000 a 2009: uma abordagem multissetorial