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RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi otimizar, por meio do planejamento DCCR (Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional), as condicoes tempo e temperatura de torracao para tres genotipos Coffea arabica L. cultivados no Cerrado, sob condicoes de estresse hidrico controlado, para manter alto teor de solidos soluveis e uma coloracao de torracao aceitavel pelos consumidores. Deste modo, sera possivel conhecer o uso potencial destes genotipos na industria do cafe soluvel. O planejamento DCCR foi realizado com dois fatores (tempo e temperatura) e 11 experimentos, para cada um dos tres genotipos. O teor de solidos soluveis foi determinado com refratometro digital e a coloracao dos graos torrados foi avaliada pelo sistema Agtron. O software livre R foi utilizado na analise de variância e na regressao linear multipla, para a definicao de modelos matematicos de predicao e de parâmetros estatisticos. A selecao do melhor binomio cor-solidos soluveis, que atende a coloracao de 65# a 45# (media clara a moderadamente escura) no sistema Agtron e que fornece o maior valor de solidos soluveis, foi feita pela ferramenta SOLVER do Excel versao 2010. As condicoes de temperatura e tempo de torracao, que mantiveram altos teores de solidos soluveis e que produziram graos torrados com uma coloracao adequada ao consumo, foram 204,8 °C e 10,9 minutos para a cultivar MG 1177; 214,2 °C e 8,8 minutos, para MG 0188; 240 °C e 7 minutos, para Icatu 2944, mostrando o potencial para o consumo tradicional e para a producao de cafe soluvel. ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to optimize, by way of a rotational central composite design (RCCD), the roasting temperature and time conditions of beans from three Coffea arabica L. genotypes cultivated in the Cerrado, Brazil under controlled water stress conditions, to maintain a high soluble solids content and a roasting colour acceptable by consumers. In this way it will be possible to know the potential use of these genotypes in the instant coffee industry. The RCCD design was carried out with 2 factors (time and temperature) and 11 experiments for each of the three genotypes. The soluble solids contents were determined using a digital refractometer and the roasted bean colour evaluated using the Agtron system. The software R was used in both the variance analysis and in the multiple linear regression to define the prediction mathematical models and the statistical parameters. The Excel SOLVER tool version 2010 was used to select the best colour-soluble solids binomial to provide a colour from 65# to 45# (medium light to moderately dark) on the Agtron system and the highest soluble solids value. The roasting temperature and time conditions that maintained high soluble solids contents and produced roasted beans with an appropriate colour for consumption were 204.8 °C and 10.9 minutes for the cultivar MG 1177; 214.2 °C and 8.8 minutes for MG 0188; and 240 °C and 7 minutes for Icatu 2944, showing the potential for traditional consumption and the production of instant coffee.

Optimization of the roasting conditions of arabica coffee cultivated in the cerrado area of Brazil