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Among Neotropical monkeys, members of the subfamily PitheCiinae, with three genera and eight species, are among the least known with respect to their ecology and behaviour (Hershkovitz, 1972, 1979; Napier, 1976). All pithecine species are similar in being medium-sized (1.5-3.6 kg), diurnal, arboreal, and frugivorous; however, there are some major differences among their social structures. For example, the bearded sakis, Chiropotes, and uakaris, Cacajao, live in mult imale troops (Fontaine, 1981; van Roosrnalen et al., 198l; Ayres, 1981), whereas the sak i s are reported to I i ve i n smal ler monogamous groups rang i ng from 2 to 6 i nd i v i dual s (I zawa , 1975; Muckenhirn et al. , 1975; Buchanan et al., 1981; Happel , 1982). Several accounts in recent literature (e.g. Muckenhirn et al., 1975;MoynÍhan,1976 Neville, 1976; Hernandez-Camacho & Cooper, 1 976;Mlttermeier & Coimbra-Fi1 ho,1977; Ay­ res & Milton, 1981; Ayres, 1981 ; Freese et al., 1982) provide basic information on the genus Pithecia, especially regarding population density and general aspects of the ecology in their natural habitats. Others (e.g. Fooden, 1964; Izawa, 1975;'zawa & Yone da, I98I) provide information on diets of P. pithecia, P. monachus and P.hirsuta through analysis of stomach contents of wild shot specimens. More recently, Buchanan et al., (1981) , Mittermeier & van Roosrnalen (1981), Fleagle & Mittermeier (198O) and Happe1 (1982) collected more detailed information on the general aspects of the ecology and behaviour of P. pithecia in Surinam and P. hirsuta in Peru. The geographical range of the Guianan Saki (Pithecia pithecia) is confined to the north bank of the Amazon River west of the Rio Negro as well as the coastal forests of northern Brazil (Amapa Territory) and the Guianan countries (Hershkovitz, 1979), an area of approximately 1.350.000 km. P. pithecia is the most sexually dichromatic

Preliminary notes on the ecology and behavior of the Guianan Saki (Pithecia pithecia, Linnaeus 1766 ; Cebidae, Primate).