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The avüauna of the forested upper reaches of the Sopotuba River. in the upper Paraguay drainage just south of the Serra dos Parecís, proved a rnixture of central-Amazonian birds from just east of the Madeira Rtver and of birds of dry forests (Xingú-Tapajóz) or lower Andean forests peripheral to the southern Amazonian region . A cold wave that passed during the study period caused a major drop in insect activity and in the activity of inseci-eating birds and hummingbirds. Fruit-eating birds and "omnivores" (insect and fruit eaters) became relatively conspicuC'Ius. It is suggested that occasio· nal "clisasters" of the type of a cold wave inhibit specialized insectivores at this and other margins of Amazonian forests, and encourage hJgher percentages of omnivores . The previously noted tendency for oscines to replace suboscines at various types of neotropical forest rnargins ls reinterpreted as prlmarily due to declines of furnarioid suboscines (mostly forest-livmg insectivores> and their replacement by omnivf)rous tyrannoid suboscines anel by omnivorous oscines. The conventional theory that furnarioid suboscines are prirnitive and that they and other neotropical suboscines are being pushed into forests by recently immigrating oscines leads to two ecological anomalies: virtual absence of omnlvorous passerines in the carly Cenozoic an:i absence of seed-eat.ing passerines for much of the late Cenozoic . As alternate theory, that of separation of forest-edge suboscines by continental dritr followed by evolut.ion of forest-dwelling furnarioid suboscines in the New World, with open-country oscines either separated by the drift or entering South America early in the Ceno.zoic, removes both anomalies . In western Mato Grosso, a narrow península of Amazoni:an forest follows the Guaporé River southward and eastward on the south side of the Serra dos Parecís, a c2mpo or cerrado-covered plateau of some 500 meters'elevation. This forest península once re.ached east into the drainage of the upper Paraguay River, at least to the town of Barra ( • ) Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP. ACTA AMAZONICA fl(3) : 379-394 Edwin O'Neill Willis (*) de Bugres. East of Barra de BugrE.s, the remarmng vegetation is mostly dry forest grading into cerrado and pantanal. From Barra de Bugres westward. the foresr is rapidly

Effects of a cold wave on an Amazonian avifauna in the upper Paraguay drainage, Western Mato Grosso, and suggestions on Oscine-Suboscine relationships