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Objectives:  To study the intensity of inflammatory infiltrate and production of interleukin-1β (ll-1β), tumor necrosis factor-β ( TNF-β ), fibroblast growth factor-2 ( FGF-2 ), glutathione peroxidase ( GPX ), and osteocalcin in response to in-office tooth bleaching in rats.    Material and Methods:  Twenty male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=5) according to the received treatment (tooth bleaching or no treatment - control) and the period of euthanasia after treatment (24 h or 10 days). We performed tooth bleaching using a 38% hydrogen peroxide gel on maxillary and mandibular incisors. After euthanasia, incisors (20  per  group) were processed for histological analysis, immunohistochemistry staining of  ll-1β ,  TNF-β ,  FGF-2  and  GPX  and osteocalcin by immunofluorescence. We analyzed data using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn tests (p<0.05).    Results:  The bleached groups presented statistically significant differences regarding the pulp inflammation stage compared with the control groups. Bleached teeth showed moderate/severe inflammatory infiltrate and control groups presented absent inflammatory cells or a negligible number of mononuclear cells (p<0.001) at two times (24 h and 10 days). There was strong staining for  ll-1β ,  TNF-β , and  GPX  in bleached groups at 24 h and strong staining for  ll-1β ,  TNF-β ,  GPX  and  FGF-2  at 10 days. After 10 days of tooth bleaching, the bleached group showed a statistically superior amount of osteocalcin than the other groups (p<0.01).    Conclusions:  Tooth bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide causes severe pulp inflammation, but characteristics of tissue repair after 10 days.

journal of applied oral science

In-office tooth bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide promotes moderate/severe pulp inflammation and production of ll-1β, TNF-β, GPX, FGF-2 and osteocalcin in rats