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Fagundes G.B., Nascimento D.M., Santiago M.R., Neves C.A., Silva C.M.G., Oba E., Arrivabene M. & Cavalcante T.V. 2019. Response of vital functions, Apgar and cortisol in the prognosis of vigor against neonatal factors of lambs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 39(2):155-162. Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Rod. Municipal Bom Jesus Viana Km 1, Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI 64900-000, Brazil. E-mail: glauciatuante@hotmail.com The management of lambs during the neonatal period has been studied in several researches due to the vital and hormonal organic adaptations undergone by the calf after birth. However, gender, number of pups and type of delivery play an important role in understanding neonatal vigor. The study of these groups with the monitoring of clinical evolution and cortisol metabolism becomes an indispensable subsidy for a better understanding of this neonatal phase, aiming to minimize the losses generated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender, number of pups and type of delivery in the prognosis of neonatal vigor of lambs through clinical and cortisol diagnosis. Thirty crossbred Santa Inês lambs with Dorper in the neonatal phase were divided into three groups: male and female, number of pups (single and twin) and type of delivery (eutocic and dystocic). In each group, clinical evaluation of heart and respiratory rate, rectal temperature, Apgar score and weight were performed; and with the exception of cortisol, all evaluations were performed at fifteen and sixty minutes, as well as at twelve and twenty-four hours. In addition, blood samples were collected for cortisol dosage obtained in two moments at fifteen and sixty minutes using the radioimmunoassay technique. Among the three experimental groups related to lamb vigor, the heart rate was the only one that showed lower mean values (P<0.05) at twenty-four hours in the male group 90.00±20.20bpm, twins 96.44±20.02bpm and eutocic 93.25±18.11bpm. Differences in respiratory rate values were observed in the eutocic group (64.00±14.75mpm) at twenty‐four hours. In the group of males there was a significant reduction in body temperature during the evaluation moments (P<0.05). Lambs from the group of twins showed lower body weight during the evaluations. At both times the analysis of serum cortisol was less than at sixty minutes. It was concluded that soon after the birth PVB-5731 MF Response of vital functions, Apgar and cortisol in the prognosis of vigor against neonatal factors of lambs1 Glaucia B. Fagundes2* , Dayana Maria Nascimento3, Marcela R. Santiago2, Camila A. Neves4, Cleidson M.G. Silva5, Eunice Oba6, Mônica Arrivabene7 and Tânia V. Cavalcante7 1 Received on July 24, 2018. Accepted for publication on August 22, 2018. 2 Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Rod. Municipal Bom Jesus-Viana Km 1, Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI 64900-000, Brazil. E-mail: m.ribeirosantiago@hotmail.com; *Corresponding author: glauciatuante@hotmail.com 3 Residency in Multiprofessional Health Area, Veterinary Medicine, Animal Reproduction, Hospital Veterinário Universitário, Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA), UFPI, Avenida Universitária s/n, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil. E-mail: dayana.vet@hotmail.com 4 Post-Graduate Program in Animal Science, CCA-UFPI, Avenida Universitária s/n, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, PI 64049-550. E-mail: milarrivabene@hotmail.com Response of vital functions, Apgar and cortisol in the prognosis of vigor against neonatal factors of lambs [Resposta das funções vitais, de Apgar e cortisol no prognóstico de vigor frente a fatores neonatais de cordeiros]. Fagundes G.B., Nascimento D.M., Santiago M.R., Neves C.A., Silva C.M.G., Oba E., Arrivabene M. & Cavalcante T.V. 155162 5 UFPI, Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Rod. Municipal Bom Jesus Viana Km 1, Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI 64900-000. E-mail: gomesvet@hotmail.com 6 Departamento de Reprodução Animal e Radiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rua Adolfo Pardini s/n, Jardim Paraíso, Botucatu, SP 18610-250, Brazil. E-mail: euniceoba@fmvz.unesp.br 7 Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, CCA-UFPI, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella (CUMPP), Avenida Universitária s/n, Bairro Ininga, Teresina, PI 64049-550. E-mails: arrivabenevet@hotmail.com, cavalcante.tv@gmail.com Glaucia B. Fagundes et al. 156 Pesq. Vet. Bras. 39(2):155-162, fevereiro 2019 RESUMO.[Resposta das funções vitais, de Apgar e cortisol no prognóstico de vigor frente a fatores neonatais de cordeiros.] O manejo dos cordeiros durante o período neonatal tem sido objeto de estudo em diversas pesquisas devido às adaptações orgânicas vitais e hormonais sofridas pela cria após o parto. Todavia, o gênero, número de filhotes e o tipo de parto parecem desempenhar um papel importante para melhor compreensão do vigor neonatal. Além disso, o estudo destes grupos com o acompanhamento da evolução clínica e do metabolismo do cortisol torna-se um subsidio indispensável para melhor compreensão dessa fase neonatal, visando minimizar as perdas geradas. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a influência do gênero, número de filhotes e tipo de parto na apresentação do vigor neonatal dos cordeiros através do diagnostico clinico e de cortisol. Foram utilizados trinta cordeiros mestiços da raça Santa Inês com Dorper em fase neonatal divididos em três grupos: gênero (macho e fêmea), número de filhotes (único e gemelar) e tipo de parto (eutócico e distócico). Em cada grupo, foi realizada a avaliação clínica da frequência cardíaca e respiratória, temperatura retal, escore Apgar e peso; e com a exceção do cortisol, todas as avaliações foram realizadas aos quinze e sessenta minutos, como também às doze e vinte e quatro horas. Adicionalmente, procedeu-se com a coleta de amostras de sangue total para dosagem de cortisol obtida em dois momentos aos quinze e sessenta minutos através da técnica de radioimunoensaio. Dentre os três grupos experimentais relacionados com vigor dos cordeiros, a frequência cardíaca foi a única que evidenciou menores médias (P<0,05) às vinte e quatro horas no grupo dos machos 90,00±20,20bpm, gêmeos 96,44±20,02bpm e eutócicos 93,25±18,11bpm. Observou-se no grupo eutócico diferenças nos valores da frequência respiratória de 64,00±14,75mpm às vinte e quatro horas. No grupo dos machos houve redução significativa na temperatura corpórea durante os momentos de avaliação (P<0,05). Cordeiros do grupo de gêmeos demonstraram menor peso corpóreo durante as avaliações. Em ambos momentos a análise do cortisol sérico demonstrou se menor aos sessenta minutos. Pôde se concluir que logo após o parto ocorreram alterações marcantes nos parâmetros fisiológicos e peso de cordeiros Santa Inês, porém não foram suficientes para causar efeitos negativos sobre o vigor dos neonatos, indicando a ocorrência de efetiva capacidade de adaptação neonatal nesta espécie. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Funções vitais, Apgar escore, cortisol, prognóstico de vigor, neonatal, cordeiros, ovinos, recém-nascidos, aspectos fisiológicos. INTRODUCTION The number of lambs sold per sheep affects profitability favorably (Lôbo et al. 2011), mainly because the sale of lambs has increased in the last decades (Morel et al. 2008). The production of more lambs followed by greater mortality is unacceptable, both from the economic point of view and from the animal and veterinary standpoints (Nowak 1996, Everett-Hincks et al. 2005). At this stage it is convenient to resort to clinical intervention, to minimize or avoid future negative consequences for the health and vigor of these animals. To end this financial loss and minimize mortality, veterinarians carry on specific resuscitation procedures and supportive care (Ravary-Plumioën 2009). To achieve high performance levels in lamb breeding, attention to the lamb from birth (Kenyon & Blair 2014) up to its first 24 hours of life is needed, as this is the most important period for the newborn pup. The newborn’s adaptive development period is considered critical and crucial, since fast physiological adjustments are needed that are important for the lamb’s health, which is intrinsically related to the organic immaturity of compensatory and regulatory multisystems, especially due to the animal’s new status of vulnerability vis-à-vis the environment, plus the difficulty of rendering clinical assistance, especially under extensive management conditions. This is a period seen as critical to newborn pups, as profound physiological, nutritional and environmental adjustments are required, due to the replacement of the uterine medium by the extrauterine environment. This period is dramatic and dangerous, since the immaturity of organic systems may be decisive for organ failure or dysfunction leading to death, a situation that calls for great care in the identification of risk factors. The general death rate quoted in the literature about Santa Inês lambs is of 15.1% (Girão et al. 1998), and constitutes a challenge for the production of small ruminants. Although reports of lamb mortality rates at the fetal-neonatal transition stage in the Northeast are scarce, it is believed that its economic impact in the region is high and, thus, a deficient or absent clinical assistance/support may lead to an increase in perinatal mortality, limiting the production and survival of lambs. At birth and in subsequent days of extrauterine life, thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, respiratory and homeostatic mechanisms complete the maturation of the newborn (Chniter et al. 2013). This adaptive process depends on the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, mediated by cortisol, which is a strong metabolic stimulator (Wood 1999). The little research aimed at investigating the vital parameters contemplates lambs a