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Brazilian Purpuric Fever (BPF) is a hemorrhagic pediatric illness caused by  Haemophilus influenzae  biogroup  aegyptius  (Hae), a bacterium that was formerly associated with self-limited purulent conjunctivitis. BPF is assumed to be eradicated. However, the virulence mechanisms inherent to Hae strains associated with BPF is still a mystery and deficient in studies. Here, we aim to analyze the role of the autotransporter genes related to adherence and colonization  las ,  tabA1,  and  hadA  genes through RT-qPCR expression profiling and knockout mutants. Relative quantification by real-time PCR after infection in human cells and infant rat model suggests that  las  was initially downregulated probably duo to immune evasion,  tabA1,  and  hadA  were overexpressed in general, suggesting an active role of TabA1 and HadA1 adhesins in Hae  in vitro  and  in vivo . Transformation attempts were unsuccessful despite the use of multiple technical approaches and  in silico  analysis revealed that Hae lacks genes related to competence in  Haemophilus , which could be part of the elucidation of the difficulty of genetically manipulating Hae strains.

genetics and molecular biology

Analysis of potential virulence genes and competence to transformation in Haemophilus influenzae biotype aegyptius associated with Brazilian Purpuric Fever