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Main trophic relationships that occur along the exposed sandy shores in southernmost Brazil(,336 S) are established taking into account several biological compartments operating atmorphodynamically distinct environments. Beaches are predominantly of the intermediate type butsome stretches of coastline are truly dissipative (Cassino Beach) or tending-to-reflective (ConcheirosBeach), presenting thus diverse biological compartments and inhabitant macrobenthic assemblages.Dense concentrations of the surf-zone diatom Asterionellopsis glacialis are responsible - at least for theintermediate shorelines - for the most year-round primary production, sustaining several consumers up totertiary level. Among them, bivalves Amarilladesma mactroides, Donax hanleyanus and the hippid crabEmerita brasiliensis can account for more than 95% of all the surf-zone secondary production, in additionto the elevated biomass of the suspension-feeder polychaete Spio gaucha and the scavenger isopodExcirolana armata. Crabs, whelks, carnivorous polychaetes, seabirds and surf-zone fishes may also bepresent and occupy superior trophic levels depending on the beach morphodynamics. Based on the highspecies richness, abundance and the role of macrobenthic fauna in transferring matter and energy toseabirds and the surf-zone fish assemblages, we address this important issue on the Southwestern Atlanticecology. Conservation efforts should be implemented for the southernmost Brazilian sandy shores, atleast for those non urbanized areas.As principais relac¸o˜ es tro´ ficas observadas ao longo da costa arenosa exposta do extremo sul doBrasil (,336 S) sa˜o estabelecidas levando-se em considerac¸a˜o os va´ rios compartimentos biolo´ gicos queoperam em ambientes morfodinamicamente distintos. Estas praias sa˜o predominantemente do tipointermedia´ rio, embora alguns trechos sejam dissipativos (Praia do Cassino) ou apresentem tendeˆnciasreflectivas (Praia dos Concheiros), possuindo compartimentos biolo´ gicos diversificados e associac¸o˜esmacrobentoˆnicas residentes. Densas concentrac¸o˜ es da diatoma´cea Asterionellopsis glacialis sa˜oresponsa´ veis - pelo menos para as praias intermedia´ rias - por grande parte da produtividade prima´ riaanual, sustentando va´ rios consumidores ate´ o nı´vel tercia´ rio. Entre estes, os bivalves Amarilladesmamactroides, Donax hanleyanus e o crusta´ceo Emerita brasiliensis sa˜o responsa´ veis por mais de 95% de todaa produc¸a˜o secunda´ ria da zona de surfe, em adic¸a˜o a` elevada biomassa do poliqueta suspensı´voro Spiogaucha e do iso´pode necro´fago Excirolana armata. Caranguejos, gastro´ podes, poliquetas carnı´voros, avesmarinhas e peixes da zona de surfe tambe´m podem estar presentes, ocupando nı´veis tro´ ficos superioresdependendo da morfodinaˆmica praial. Baseado na alta riqueza de espe´cies, na abundaˆncia e no papel damacrofauna bentoˆ nica em transferir mate´ria e energia para as aves marinhas e as assemble´ias de peixes dazona de surfe, esta importante questa˜o ecolo´ gica do Atlaˆntico Sudoeste foi investigada. Esforc¸os deconservac¸a˜o devem ser implementados nas praias arenosas do extremo sul do Brasil, pelo menos naquelasa´ reas na˜o urbanizadas

A review on macrobenthic trophic relationships along subtropical sandy shores in southernmost Brazil