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Studies have shown that beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) supplementation increases muscle strength and mass.  Objective: To evaluate the effect of HMB supplementation on the muscle regeneration process in young and sedentary rats.  Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats two months old were divided into two groups: lesion (LE) and supplemented (S), and evaluated in two moments - seven days (LE7; S7, n=6) and 21 days (LE21; S21, n=6). The right tibialis anterior muscle was subjected to cryolesion in all animals. After the injury, the LE group remained in the vivarium without any intervention. Group S received HMB calcium supplementation diluted in water by gavage (320 mg/kg/weight per day). The injury tibialis anterior (ITA), the tibialis anterior (TA), and the left soleus (SOL) muscles were removed, weighted and divided transversally into two parts, one for the analysis of the cross-sectional area (CSA) and the area of inflammation/regeneration and the other part to measure the muscular glycogen concentration. Data were evaluated using the SAS program considering mean and standard deviation. For analysis of variance the ANOVA test was used followed by the Tukey-HSD test (p≤0.05).  Results: The ITA muscle weight was higher in S21 compared to S7 (p&lt;0.05). The groups LE21 and S21 presented greater CSA of muscle fibers area and smaller ITA regeneration/inflammation area (p&lt;0.05) when compared with the LE7 and S7 groups. There was an increase in muscle glycogen levels in S7 group compared to LE7 and S21 groups for TA and SOL (p&lt;0.01), as well as in S21 group compared to LE21 for SOL (p&lt;0.05).  Conclusion: HMB did not influence the muscle regeneration process and did not favor anabolic activity in the different muscular fibers of young sedentary rats. Level of Evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment results.

EFFECTS OF BETA-HYDROXY-BETA-METHYL BUTYRATE IN MUSCLE REGENERATION OF RATS