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Utilization of plant resources for treatment of  Helicobacter pylori  infections is one of the appealing approaches as rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is occurring throughout the world. Ethanol extract and its fractions from  Hibiscus rosa-sinensis  red flower were assessed for antibacterial and urease inhibitory activities towards forty-three clinical strains and two reference strains of  H. pylori . The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most potent bacteriostatic activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.2-0.25 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 1.25-1.5 mg/mL against all test strains, including forty-three strains resistant to one to four antibiotics, azithromycin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), erythromycin (MICs, 8-128 µg/mL), levofloxacin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), and/or metronidazole (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL). The fraction had similar antibacterial activities toward these test strains suggesting the preparation and the antibiotics do not have a common mechanism of anti- H. pylori  activity. The fraction also had stronger effects on biofilm formation, morphological conversion, and urease activity of  H. pylori  than the other fractions and the ethanol extract. These flower preparations were non-toxic to three human cell lines, and nine compounds were also isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction.  In vivo  research needs to be conducted to confirm the potential usefulness of  H. rosa-sinensis  flower and its constituents for effective prevention and treatment of  H. pylori  disease.

brazilian journal of medical and biological research

Antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. red flower against antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and identification of the flower constituents