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A partir do seculo XVII, novos conhecimentos anatomicos vao possibilitar aos medicos uma compreensao da concepcao humana que desagua na autoconfianca que exibe hoje a medicina. Portugal vai integrando esse novo saber medico e, ao longo de Setecentos, ve cada vez mais generalizar- se a ideia de que o homem participava na concepcao por meio do semen que fecundava o ovo existente na mulher, rompendo com as concepcoes vindas da Antiguidade. Apesar de alguma novidade no conhecimento anatomico e de um raciocinio medico mais fundado na observacao sistematica, a ideia que sobressai e a da impotencia para responder aos normais anseios das pessoas e a pouca capacidade para desfazer mitos ha muito enraizados, como a possibilidade da influencia da imaginacao na concepcao. Um dos contributos de maior alcance desta racionalidade parece ter sido o despertar para uma consciencia desenvolvimentista que acentuava a necessidade de se actuar preventivamente na promocao da saude. Dai a importância de se olhar para os cuidados a ter para com a crianca e desde o inicio, ou seja, desde a concepcao. Portuguese medical understanding of conception of children in the XVIII century Abstract From the XVII century on, new anatomically knowledge will create conditions to medical doctors to understand human conception that lead to the self-confidence that is held today in the field of medicine. Portugal is integrating that new medical knowledge and, during the XVIII century, sees more and more generalizing the idea that men participated in the conception through the semen that fecundated the womens egg, creating a rupture with prior knowledge, coming from Antiquity. Despite some novelty in the anatomically knowledge and a medical reasoning more based on systematically observation, the idea that arises is the impotency to respond to the normal expectations from the general public, and the poor capacity to undo myths that have been long created, like the possibility of the influence of imagination on conception. One of the most important contributions of this rationality seems to be the rising of a developmental consciousness that stressed the necessity to act preventively in the promotion of health. Than, the importance of looking at children health care from the very beginning, that is, from conception.

A compreensão médica portuguesa sobre a concepção da criança no século XVIII